Research On The Gardening Art Of Xiangshan Jingyi Garden

Located in the northwest suburb of Beijing,the historical origin of Xiangshan Jingyi Garden can be traced back to Tang Dynasty.During the Qianlong period of Qing Dynasty,Xiangshan had many historical relics.Qianlong built a royal garden on the basis of the original landscape resources of Xiangshan,in the 11 th year of Qianlong(1746),Qianlong inscribed 28 scenes and gave it the name "Jingyi Garden".Xiangshan Jingyi Garden is the only mountain forest garden in Beijing,and occupies one mountain and one garden in the three mountains and five gardens,and the traditional wisdom contained in its landscape architecture art is a deep concern for the needs of multi-dimensional humanization.The analysis of its landscape architecture art starts from the influence of natural and social environment,and the suburban mountains and forests gather cultural landscapes in past dynasties,having multi-dimensional connections with Beijing.The research focus of this paper can be divided into three parts,namely,the landscape architecture theme and landscaping subject words of Xiangshan Jingyi Garden,the layout of scenic spots and the writing of imitation landscapes.The theme is the landscape architecture intention of Qianlong under the comprehensive understanding of the social environment and natural environment at that time,which is the premise of layout,also the basis of landscaping.Theme influence runs through the whole landscape architecture activity,which is the commonness of landscape architecture achievements contains the landscape architecture theme of Jingyi Garden,also providing a strong basis for focusing on the social and natural environment at that time.The core of landscaping is embodied in the subject words,which are often called spot scenery autograph in the traditional landscape architecture context,the naming of scenic spot images or artistic conception,when they are used as the cohesion of scenic spot space artistic conception perception,they can better reflect the integrity of different system levels,and are closely related to couplets and poems.These "languages" are numerous in Jingyi Garden,which contain myriad scenes of the base site and the world scenery of imitation collection,as well as cultural connotations such as allusions of sages,research on governance,landscape poems and paintings,etc.The research of subject words is analyzed from the site selection conditions from the environmental factors and natural fields,the interpretation of scenic spots from the origin,connotation,image and artistic conception,and the comparative analysis was conducted with other royal garden subject words,to perceive the unique characteristics of Jingyi Garden subject words.Site selection analysis is usually used in the selection of garden location,and this paper focuses on exploring the location of 28 scenes in Jingyi Garden.The basis for the site selection of Jingyi Garden scenic spots can be summarized into two factors,its own and surrounding natural environment characteristics and historical accumulation of cultural landscape,and the analysis of natural field has been added to the specific methods.The "walking","seeing","living" and "traveling" in "Lin Quan Gao Zhi" provide a kind of construction concept for the tour route of mountain gardens.Among them,"walking" emphasizes movement;"Seeing" belongs to the category of viewing;"Living" is to be able to live amongst it and participate in it,of which the essence is the integration with nature;"Travelling" is the circulation and transcendence of images,reflecting the accessibility of "meaning" in space.For the tour sequence of the 20 scenes in the inner wall,the traditional "living and travelling ","broad and deep","Feng Shui",geography and typology are comprehensively applied,and the natural mountain characteristics of the inner wall of Jingyi Garden are combined for table analysis.In the aspect of viewing,on the basis of "Analysis of Chinese Classical Gardens",the "inward viewing" and "outward viewing" are proposed to more reasonably subdivide the viewing content and appreciate the viewing characteristics.The inward viewing can condense and immerse itself in a kind of artistic conception,while the outward viewing is to perceive the outside world of the scenic spot by itself and then extend to the perceived world."See" and "be seen" are a kind of scenery restriction,which can appropriately understand the correlation logic of Jingyi Garden's sight system,with this kind of analysis method,the sight relationship between the inside and inside,inside and outside of Jingyi Garden is preliminarily clarified according to Jingyi Garden's imperial poems and the poems of the Republic of China.In terms of landscape writing and imitation,it is actually a common method in gardens,especially in Qing royal gardens,and is endowed with political symbolic connotation.Writing imitation is not copying,but it integrates the creator's creation and even has practical significance of inheritance and innovation.This paper makes textual research on some imitation landscapes in Jingyi Garden and makes a comparative study with imitation archetypes,analyzes the similarities and differences between imitation landscapes and imitation archetypes,and further interprets the cultural connotation of imitation landscapes.