Residential Elevator Speed Control System And Safety Design

With the development of modern society and economy,people's living standard has been gradually improved,and people's demand for housing has also been higher.Elevators have gradually become more and more popular means of transportation in buildings and play an important role in the relationship between residents' lives.At the same time,this also promoted the rapid rise of the elevator industry.Elevator has become a necessary vertical transportation tool for modern buildings.In order to meet the needs of the elevator industry,the technical requirements of elevator are gradually improving.Therefore,the research on elevator control technology is very important.By analyzing the development background and situation of buildings,this paper studies the elevator control method,and introduces the technical key of elevator safety.Aiming at the reliability and safety requirements of the elevator,this paper studies the elevator mechanical system and electrical control system.Elevator mechanical device is mainly composed of four parts,namely,traction system,guidance system,car weight balance system and door system.Tractor is the power source of the elevator.The paper points out that the electromagnetic brake in the traction system plays an important role in the elevator safety system;the door system is an indispensable safety protection facility for the elevator;the weight of the car must be accurately calculated in order to make the weight balance system play the best role.The electrical system of elevator consists of two parts:The electrical system of the elevator refers to the system that can make the elevator move according to the user's idea,and can complete the command to start,accelerate,run,change the speed level,stop the car brake,open and close the door and other functions.Elevator in operation,the entire elevator operation control system is an electrical drive system,regardless of the elevator in the start-up,acceleration,deceleration,speed stability and other motion processes,or the elevator in the operation process of stability and comfort,they are directly controlled by the electrical drive system.In this paper,the mathematical model of elevator operation process is established.According to the elevator control system model,the fuzzy PID control strategy is adopted,and the control system block diagram is designed.On this basis,the paper presents the elevator control system based on Siemens miniature PLC SIMATICS7-200CPU226.Hardware circuit is designed,including power supply design,sensor circuit design,button circuit design,motor drive design,elevator car internal circuit design,to achieve the required hardware circuit function.The software development environment is built in PC,and the software control program of elevator is developed,which mainly includes the main frame of control program,signal acquisition of each subsystem,signal processing algorithm,signal control to external equipment.The unsafe factors in the elevator is analyzed,the method of braking force test is given,the method and standard of braking force test are described,the regular inspection requirements of elevator is pointed out,and the safety design of elevator traction wire rope is given in this paper.Combining with specific cases,this paper analyzes in detail the failure of opening doors and ladders,and gives the methods to improve the design,and achieves results;the paper also gives specific methods for the safety design of elevator traction wire rope.The control method in the paper is verified by simulation.