Research On Spatial Correlation Of Settlements In The Xingyun Lake Basin

With the transformation of the economic system and the acceleration of urbanization,the economic relations and lifestyles of the city are widely permeated into the countryside,the "building heat" has raised a upsurge in rural areas,which aggravated the contradiction of the rural construction land "without reducing but increasing",therefore,the water pollution of Xingyun Lake and the vulnerability of ecological environment have attracted much attention,which makes the study of rural settlements more and more urgent.The rural settlement is the product of human activities,and it is also an important part of the ecological environment in the Xingyun Lake Basin,the analysis of the spatial structure,spatial type,spatial correlation and landscape composition of the Xingyun Lake Basin is a hot spot in the study of rural settlements.The spatial regularity of interrelation between different objects is extracted,and the discovery,interpretation and prediction of spatial phenomena are the embodiment of the value of GIS spatial association rules mining.In this paper,the Xingyun Lake Basin is the research area,the rural settlements in the three scales of towns,central villages and natural villages were studied,using GIS spatial analysis function and landscape index analysis function,and the fractal model analysis method,statistical analysis method and network structure fractal model method are used,from the four aspects of scale distribution,spatial autocorrelation,spatial agglomeration and shape and structure characteristics,we describe the spatial distribution characteristics of rural settlements in the study area,secondly,the spatial relationship between the internal and external factors of rural settlement in the study area is analyzed from two aspects of natural and humanistic factors.The main conclusions are as follows:(1)Through the analysis of the spatial distribution characteristics of rural settlements in Xingyun Lake Basin,the results show that: judging from the scale of settlement space,the overall settlement of Xingyun Lake basin is largely scattered but concentrated in a certain area.The settlement infrastructure of the town iscomprehensive with the function of public management and service.The settlement in the central village has a certain population scale and complete public facilities,while the settlement scale in the natural village is much smaller with inadequate infrastructure;from the characteristics of settlement spatial correlation,under the three scales of town domain,central village and natural village,the settlement spatial correlation dimension of central village is smaller,which indicates that the spatial correlation between central villages is stronger and the spatial distribution is more concentrated.At the same time,the central village is the intermediary between the town and the natural village,embraced with important administrative function,and the self-organization evolution of the central village has the optimization trend in spatial structure.In terms of the characteristics of settlement spatial agglomeration,the rural settlements in Xingyun Lake basin show discrete situation with the spatial distribution of market towns,and cluster situation with the spatial distribution of central villages.The results showed that the attraction of the central village-level settlement to the low-grade settlement was stronger than that under the town scale.From the settlement landscape shape and structure characteristics,the settlement overall shape is more regular and the degree of fragmentation is smaller under the three scales of town area,central village and natural village.(2)By analyzing the spatial distribution characteristics of rural settlements and natural environment in Xingyun Lake basin,the results show that the geomorphologic elements in Xingyun Lake basin are more complex.The spatial pattern of rural settlements is obviously influenced by topography,rivers and lakes.The settlement is mainly distributed in the gentle lake basin area or along the river zone,and the terrain is wide and flat.In the low-lying area around Xingyun Lake,the market towns and central villages are mostly distributed in this area,in which mainly concentrate a large number of high-quality land for the development and utilization of human beings;in mountainous and mid-mountain areas,geographical elements should be taken into consideration in distributing tributaries.There are a few natural villages far away from the river distribution.And the settlement is mostly by the individual household or the individual household agglomeration,the settlement direction is different,thedislocation is not uniform,the scale is yet small with large density.Therefore,the land for use is inadequate.(3)By analyzing the spatial distribution characteristics of rural settlements and humanistic environment in Xingyun Lake Basin,the results show that the rural settlements in Xingyun Lake Basin have obvious central radiation function in three aspects: agricultural land,roads and population and economy.Most of the market towns are located in areas close to paddy fields and dry land and are far away from woodland,while the distribution of central and natural villages is within the range of moderate distance from agricultural land.Most of the towns are distributed in the areas where the county roads are developed,the road network is intense and well connected,but in the scale of the central village domain and the natural village domain,the distribution of the county roads in the rural settlements is less,and the rural roads are more developed.The advantages of location attract the agglomeration of rural settlements and increase the population density,thus driving the local economic development.The superior geographical location around Xingyun Lake leads to the expansion of the scale of market towns surrounding central villages and natural villages,the high density of population agglomeration,a large number of rural life and production activities that depend on the ecological environment and landscape environment of the lake.Less land is available for construction,which seriously threatens the ecological security of the lake area and results in serious water pollution of the lake.