Research On The Perforation Mechanism And Technology Based On Automatic Focus Cutting

Laser cutting technology is a cutting technology with high efficiency which uses the heating of a high energy density laser beam to vaporize,melt or oxidize material.The initial laser piercing performance will affect the cutting quality and stability directly,with the development of laser technology,the automatic focusing technology has developed rapidly.With the automatic focus adjustment technology,the machine can automatically adjust the defocusing amount to the optimal position,the laser processing efficiency has been greatly improved,gradually take over the manual focus adjustment way.There are many factors that affect the quality and efficiency of laser piercing,So the research on the principle and processing of laser piercing has theoretical significance and important application value.In this article,the HLF-1530-4KW CNC laser cutting machine was used as the test device to carry out the following research work.Based on the principle of laser cutting,analyze and probe the laser piercing principle,piercing way and piercing method,expound the advantages and disadvantages of different piercing ways and methods.Taking the Precitec automatic focusing cutting head as the research object,analyze the basic structure of the auto-focusing cutting head,and the principle of focusing,take theoretical discussion on the factors affecting the quality and efficiency of laser piercing.Through the single factor experiment method(Output power,Output frequency,Duty-free ratio,Auxiliary gas pressure,Piercing height and Defocusing amount),the 6mm carbon steel plate was pierced by laser cutting machine.The one-stage piercing method was used to find out the influence of single factor on the piercing quality and efficiency.The output power and defocusing amount are the main factors affecting the piercing efficiency.;Piercing gas pressure and height are the main factors affecting the piercing quality.Orthogonal test method has been carried out by using 4 factors and 3 levels,the 20mm carbon steel plate was tested by peiercing.The two-stage piercing method includes pre-burst and piercing was used to analyze the piercing performace curve of each factor,and the test range was gradually reduced by the test result.The first stage piercing parameters:Output power 4000W,output frequency 500Hz,output duty-free ratio 70%,piercing pressure 1.3Bar,piercing height 19mm,defocusing-6,piercing time 120ms.The second stage piercing parameters:Output power 4000W,output frequency 500HZ,output duty 45%,piercing pressure 1.2Bar,piercing height 11mm,defocusing-6,which had been applied in laser cutting,improve the efficiency of laser processing.The research on piercing principle and process of laser cutting can provide an important basis for setting and optimizing the process parameters of laser piercing on carbon steel plate,and can greatly improve the laser piercing quality and efficiency oon carbon steel plate.The research results of this project have been successfully applied in laser cutting process,which can effectively improve the stability of cutting process and obtain the ideal laser cutting quality.