Composition Analysis And Quality Evaluation Of Tibetan Black Fungus

Auricularia auricular is a kind of medicinal and edible fungi species,and is known as human scavenger,the valaue of which influenced largely by geographical environment.The Auricularia auricular growing in Tibet unique environment have high nutritional value and expensive price,but its yield is low and the production process is relative extensive.The yield of Auricularia auricular in Dongning is high,the price is low and is popular.This artical studied the sensory evalue and analyzed the character structer of Auricularia auricular from Dongning,Dongning strain grown in Tibet,wild Auricularia auricular grown in Tibet(Each of the type have two different varieties and the total is 6).We analyzed the differences of conventional nutrient of trace elements,mineral elements,vitamins,amino acids and so on,and analyzed the influence factors of regional environment and varieties to the functional components of Auricularia auricular of the 6 samples for experiment.The purpose of study was to analysis the effects of different geographical environment on the quality structure,nutritional value of Auricularia auricular,and provided the theoretical basis to promote Tibet unique wild Auricularia auricular and develop the utilization of local Auricularia auricular.The result as follows:(1)The rehydration rate of Auricularia auricular from different varieties and different regions were compared.We scored the sensory indicators with the subjective evaluation,at the same time objectively and scientific measured the hardness,elasticity,viscosity,cohesiveness,chewiness and restoring force using texture analyzer,and inspected the apparent morphology and internal structure combined with SEM technology.Score the subjective evaluation of sensory indicators,using texture analyzer on the hardness,elasticity,viscosity,cohesiveness,chewiness and restoring force of scientific objective measure,combined with SEM technology,the black fungus apparent.morphology and internal structure.The results showed that Number 1 and 2 Dongning Auricularia auricular had higher rehydtation rate and the sensory indicators were high,and the rehydtation rate and the sensory of Number 3 and 4 Tibet wild Auricularia auricular and Number 5 and 6 Dongning Auricularia auricular grown in Tibet were lower.The analysis of structure found that the hardness,elasticity,viscosity,cohesiveness,chewiness and restoring force of the numberl and 2 were higher,which said that the choosing of project to Auricularia auricular for consumer connected with the sensory characters.The analysis of electric mirror also showed that regional environment affected the microstructure of Auricularia auricular largely,and there had little differences among different varieties in the same region.Generally,the most important affecting factors for the sensory quality and microstructure was unique environment of different areas.(2)The sensory quality of Dongning Auricularia auricular were better,therefore,which content higher fat,lower protein and coarse fiber.The nutrition increased significantly when Dongning Auricularia auricular was transplanted to Tiber geographical environment,but those changes were not in line with the current health diet concept.The nutritional components in wild Auricularia auricular in Tibet was more suitable to the low fat intake concept of modern people.Different regional environment lead to the changes of nutrients in the same variety,but its had maximum influence for the micronutrient composition in stable genotype varieties.Dongning Auricularia auricular had lower Ca,Fe,Zn,Mg,but had higher Na and K.Thenutritional element Ca,Fe,Zn,Mg,P and so on in Auricularia auricular of the number of 3,4,5,6,but which had lower Na and K.Tibet Auricularia auricular in mineral nutrition was more beneficial to human health.The results showed that the specific geographical environment had great influence on the mineral nutrient elements of Auricularia auricular,and the more important influence factor was the matrix in specific region.The vitamin B1 in Auricularia auricular were different in different regions,and the content in Tibet wild Auricularia auricular and Dongning Auricularia auricular were higher than Dongning strain grown in Dongning region.The vitamin B2 in Tibet wild Auricularia auricular were higher than Dongning variety.The content of vitamin B2 in Tibet wild Auricularia auricular were higher than Dongning variety for varieties,and it was easier to accumulate a large amount of vitamin B1 for Tibet Auricularia auricular for the regions.The total content of vitamin in Tibet region was not significant,but which was higher significantly than Dongning region,and its said that total content of vitamin in different regions were significantly influence than in the different varieties.The study found the glutamic acid,aspartic acid,arginine,alanine content was significantly higher than other special amino acids,and the first limiting amino acid was methionine.The content of total vitamin in different varieties were not significant,but it was significant in amino acid metabolize picture,and the reason of which may connect-with the variety.The EAA/TAA and EAA/NEAA in Dongning Auricularia auricular were better than other Auricularia auricular through the analysis of FAO/WHO amino acid evaluation model.Tibet Auricularia auricular had higher content of characteristics essential amino acids threonine and lower Phe through the analysis of ASS,CS evaluation model.Regional environment influenced highly on the nutritional value of Auricularia auricular,and influenced lower for the variety.(3)We compared the functional components in Auricularia auricular from different areas and different varieties,and the results showed that the coarse polysaccharide component were higher in Dongning Auricularia auricular and the lower component of Melanin,flavonoids,polyphenols(The samples of 1 and 2).The component of Melanin,flavonoids,polyphenols in Dongning Auricularia auricular significantly increased after planted in Tibet(The sample of 5 and 6).Tibet wild Auricularia auricular had lower coarse polysaccharide and higher Melanin,flavonoids and poluphenols.Tibet wild Auricularia auricular had the similar function components with the Dongning Auricularia auricular grown in Tibet.The gelatinous substance in the 6 kinds 'of Auricularia auricular was not obvious.The results of principal component analysis showed that the components of Nelanin,Flavonoids and total phenolic in Auricularia auricular was mainly influenced by geographical environment factor,while the varieties was mainly influenced the polysaccharides in Auricularia auricular.Generally speaking,geographical environment influenced larger on the fuchtional components in Auricularia auricular,and Tibet unique geographical environment was more suitable for planting Auricularia auricular.