Study On The Extraction, Separation And Functional Activity Of The Auricularia Auricular Polysaccharide

In this study, the processes of extracting polysaccharides from Auricularia Auricular is optimized and selected. Then we use the optimal method to extract polysaccharides from different species Auricularia Auricular, test the functional activity of Auricularia Auricular polysaccharides and research the differences among these polysaccharides after extraction. At last determine the composition of all kinds of Auricularia auricular polysaccharides then isolate and purify the polysaccharides while determine each monosaccharide. The results shows as following:1.Boiled extraction, enzymatic extraction, ultrasonic wave extraction and microwave extraction are used in this study, optimal Each process parameters. Determine Extraction method:Boiled water extraction, cut Auricularia auricular into small pieces and water is added(mass ratio1:30),keep the matrix at100℃for3h.The mixture was stirred at4000rpm,for20min.The supernatant was collected. The residue of extraction should be extact again, then, stiring. Merge the supernatant from each extraction and concentration; separate protein with Sevag method,repeat five times then add triple volume ethanol to solvent hold for12h,separate insoluble fraction and washing, decolorizing, evaporating, drying. Finally powdered the dried stuff.The extraction rate of boiled water process is81.616g/100g; after protein separating, the polysaccharides reserving rate is86.900±3.700g/100g.Finally polysaccharides and protein content of this product is63.404±1.035g/100g and1.410±0.092g/100g, respectively. We can conclude that gycoprotein is in the presence of polysaccharides.2.The result of this study proved that Baise, Fujian and Sichuan, three species of Auricularia auricular, all possess functional activity in certain extent while different species have different function.Baise polysaccharides have functions of lowering blood lipid, weight reducing, relieving constipation and it might possess a hypoglycemic function; Fujian polysaccharides can lower blood lipid and reduce weight;the functions of Sichuan polysaccharides are the same as Baise polysaccharides except relieving constipation. Nevertheless, we can not conclude that wheather the three kinds of polysaccharides possess have the hypoglycemic function.The sequence of each functional activity of three polysaccharides shows as follows. Lowering blood lipid:Sichuan polysaccharides≥Baise polysaccharides>Fujian polysaccharides; weight reducing:Baise polysaccharides>Fujian polysaccharides>Sichuan polysaccharides; Relieving constipation:Baise polysaccharides; hypoglycemic:sichuan polysaccharides>Baise polysaccharides. 3.In this research we can conclude that the composition of three Auricularia auricular extraction is quite different, there is notable difference in polysaccharides and protein content of the three species. The composition of extraction which extracted from different species is different, but contents of each extraction is different but not notably; the glycoprotein is much more than the other two species, furfural content of Baise polysaccharides is much more than Sichuan polysaccharides, though, they are both not significantlly different from Fujian polysachrides.4. All the three kinds of polysaccharides use DEAE cellulose column chromatography to separate and dialyze, then use Sephadex G50column chromatography to purify and hydrolyze with acid then determine the composition of polysaccharides. The results shows as followings:Baise polysaccharides is composed of5components, B I (rhamnose, mannose, and glucose), B Ⅱ (rhamnose), BⅢ(rhamnose, glucose), BⅣ1(rhamnose), BⅣ2(undetected). BⅡ contains protein, so it is a kind of glycoprotein. Fujian polysaccharides is composed of2components, F I, Ⅱ (rhamnose, xylose) and F Ⅲ (rhamnose). F Ⅰ, Ⅱ which contain protein,are glycoprotein. Sichuan polysaccharides is composed of4components, S I (rhamnose, mannose), SⅡ, Ⅲ(rhamnose); SⅣ,Ⅴ1(rhamnose); SⅤ2(rhamnose, mannose, glucose). S Ⅰ、S Ⅳ, Ⅴ1,which contain protein, are glycoprotein.