Research On Beach Reclamation And Driving Factors Of Chongming Island (1949-1988)

This article aims to restore the reclamation process of Chongming Island from 1949 to 1988,analyze its temporal and spatial evolution characteristics,driving factors,and summarize the problems and laws in the process.Before the mid-Ming period,the unsteady land development characteristics of Chongming Island and the special geographical location of the rivers and seas profoundly restricted the formation of the reclamation pattern in Chongming Island.Since the Qing Dynasty,the merger trend of various sand islands has become a historical necessity,prompting the formation of the driving factors for reclamation with "sandy flat" as the main development model.The natural characteristics of Chongming Island ’s rivers and seas and the limitations of reclamation have never been able to break through in the traditional era.After the founding of the People’s Republic of China,the evolution of beach reclamation on Chongming Island showed the following spatial-temporal characteristics: in terms of time development,the mid-50s-60 s was the rapid advancement stage of reclamation,which was manifested in speed and scale;the late 1960s-70 s was In the comprehensive development stage of reclamation,the dominant force of reclamation was changed from Shanghai to Chongming County,and the area of reclamation was also changed from the original northern area to various directions,showing a trend of comprehensive expansion;reclamation entered a rational situation from the late 1970 s to the late 1980 s The development stage is mainly reflected in the overall slowdown of the speed and the diversified changes in the way of reclamation and utilization.From the perspective of spatial development,the northern edge of Chongming Island is not only the beginning of reclamation,but also the key area of reclamation;the east and west edges as supplementary areas for reclamation,with the urging of time,there are constantly new reclamation trends;The southern part of the country has been in the tributary of reclamation.Since the founding of the People’s Republic of China,the development and evolution of the beach reclamation of Chongming Island is a comprehensive product of natural factors,human activities and special humanities in the area.From a natural point of view,the gradual slowdown of the land collapse since the mid-Qianlong period ended the historical situation of land development collapse greater than the rise,creating a new situation for large-scale reclamation.At the same time,the pattern of stable sediment transport provided a continuous material foundation for Chongming reclamation,and under the influence of strong tides,the mudflat deposition spread all over the area except the south.From the point of view of human activities,the systematic advancement of the Chongming Island’s systematic slump protection and beach protection projects has ensured that large-scale reclamation of land resources can be effectively protected,allowing reclamation to break through historical limitations.From the perspective of humanities,the lack of non-staple food in Shanghai since the founding of the People’s Republic of China has provided a solid external driving force for the expansion of Chongming Island’s reclamation scale,and has closely followed the changing needs of the times,which ultimately prompted Chongming Island to rely on Shanghai The formation of non-staple food base.The conflict between man and land formed by Chongming Island in history has not been alleviated in the situation of largescale reclamation,but it has gradually become an internal driving factor for the pursuit of local benefits in the region.To sum up,in the nearly 40 years since the founding of the People’s Republic of China,the driving factors of the reclamation activities of Chongming Island have shown a distinct diversity and characteristics of the times.Since history,the limited river and sea space in the estuary of the Yangtze River Delta has affected the land reclamation disputes between Chongming Island and the surrounding areas under the background of different land demands and diametrically opposed land development.The inevitable development of regional history.