Community Structure And Influence Mechanism Of Soil Microorganisms In Grassland On The South Bank Of Hulun Lake

Since the Industrial Revolution,the increasing frequency of human activities has exacerbated global changes and caused a series of reactions,including an increase in the Earth's surface temperature,an increase in atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration,melting glaciers,and changes in precipitation patterns.Living in a homeland has a profound impact.Dry land accounts for about 41%of the earth's land area and nurtures more than 38%of the world's total population.Dry land resource management and integration is an eternal issue and is of great significance to human well-being.Soil provides growth sites and nutrients for crops in drylands,and is the main provider of ecological services in dryland ecosystems.Different groups of soil microorganisms combine together and have complex interactions.Under the joint influence of plant roots and soil animals,they adapt to various soil microenvironments and play an important role in ecological processes.Hulun Lake is the largest lake in Inner Mongolia and the fourth largest freshwater lake in China.It nourishes the vast Hulunbeier prairie and is known as the "Kidney of the Prairie".In this paper,through the investigation of the environmental conditions of the grassland on the south bank of Hulun Lake Reserve and the use of high-throughput sequencing methods to analyze the diversity and community structure of soil microorganisms in the area,and analyze the correlation between soil microorganisms and various environmental factors Identify the mechanisms that affect soil microbial diversity and community structure,can more accurately understand how soil microbes will respond to changes in environmental factors,provide basic data for the Hulun Lake Protection Zone Authority,and respond to global climate change for grassland ecosystems Provide basic information.Through experiments and analyses,we found these conclusions:1.the fungal community structure and the bacterial community structure showed approximately the same spatial distribution pattern.The spatial distribution characteristic is that the fungal and bacterial community structure of the first spot closest to the lake is significantly different from other spots.The second,third,and seventh spots are similar community structures,and the remaining spots are Another similar community structure.In space,the fungal composition and bacterial composition of the first sample point are significantly different from the remaining sample points due to the influence of the lake water,and the differences between the remaining sample points are not significant.2.In all samples,four dominant phylums were found in fungal groups and bacterial groups respectively.The dominant phyla of fungal groups were Ascomycota,Basidiomycota,Glomus phylum,and Phytophthora,and the dominant bacterium group was Actinomycetes.Door,Proteus,Bacteroide,Acidobacteria.The total amount of fungi and bacterial microorganisms showed no obvious spatial distribution pattern.3.Through principal component analysis and correlation analysis,we found that the total amount of fungi and bacteria has a significant positive correlation with soil organic matter content,indicating that soil nutrients are a key factor affecting the survival of soil microorganisms.Previous studies have shown that other environmental factors are related to soil microorganisms,but they are not significant in this study,so they will not be discussed.In this study,we sampled grassland on the south bank of Hulun Lake and selected a naturally occurring water gradient zone to simulate the change of global precipitation pattern and the response of soil microorganisms after climate change.In the process of designing experiments,the influence of human disturbance and grazing disturbances were eliminated.The next step is to plan sampling along the lake again in other locations of Hulun Lake,taking into account the influence of human disturbance,land use methods,grazing intensity,etc.The influence mechanism of soil microbial community provides basic data for subsequent scientific research.