Analysis Of Runoff Generation Mechanism Of Small Watershed In Seasonally Frozen Soil Area

The presence of snow and frozen soil in seasonally frozen soil areas changes the dynamics of the vadose zone thickness and soil moisture,making the flow generation mechanism of the basin complex.In this paper,the Yongcui River Basin in the belt area of Yichun City,Heilongjiang Province,is selected as the research area in a typical seasonal frozen soil area.mathematical correlation method and factor analysis method are used to explore the watershed flow mechanism and runoff influencing factors.The analysis results are as follows: The full-fledged runoff and super-osmotic runoff in the Yongcui River Basin exist at the same time,and the full-charged runoff plays a leading role.Super-seepage runoff is easy to occur in the early spring,and the runoff in the end of the spring flood season,main flood season and non-flood season is full of runoff.The factor principal component analysis method obtained the temperature factors of sunshine,temperature,precipitation and evaporation,which played a leading role in the change of monthly runoff,with a contribution rate of 54.55%.The mathematics related method has no relationship between daily mean runoff and temperature,precipitation and evaporation during the freezing period.The daily average runoff in spring flood season has the highest correlation with temperature,the correlation between main flood season and precipitation is the highest,and the non-flood period and three The linear relationship of the factors is good.