| Plant copper amine oxidases(CuAOs)are important polyamine-degrading enzymes,and they can also generate reactive oxygen species(ROS).Previous pharmacological and genetic studies have shown that ROS generated by the catalytic activity of CuAOs are involved in many physiological processes such as stomatal movement and vascular development,suggesting that CuAOs play an important role in plant growth and responsing to external stimuli.There are 10 Arabidopsis CuAO genes in the Arabidopsis genome,but only a few of them have been studied.Also the differences in the expression patterns and functions of the 10 CuAO genes are still not clear.In order to further study the functions of Arabidopsis CuAO genes,we systematically analyzed the expression patterns of 10 CuAO genes in different organs and different developmental stages.Meanwhile,the effects of different stimuli on the expression levels of the 10 CuAO genes in guard cell were analyzed.The results were as follows:1.In 12-day-old seedlings,CuAO1 was expressed in roots,hypocotyls,and leaves,while the expression level of CuAO1 in hypocotyls and petiole was higher than that in roots and leaves.And the expression level of CuA01 in the vascular tissues of roots,hypocotyls,and leaves is higher than the other surrounding tissues.In the flowers,CuA01 was clearly expressed in the sepals,filaments,stigma and petal vascular tissues.Comparing the expression level of CuAO1 in roots and leaves at 12-day-old,3-week-old and 5-week-old,we found that the expression level of CuAO1 in both roots and leaves showed an upward trend during the developmental process,and the expression level of CuAO1 in the vascular tissue was always higher than that in the surrounding tissues.In addition,in mature three-week-old leaves,CuAO1 was expressed in both hydathodes and guard cells,and dark and ACC(the precursor of ethylene)treatment significantly induced CuAO1 expression in guard cells.2.In 12-day-old seedlings,CuA02 was also expressed in roots,hypocotyls,and leaves.The expression level of CuA02 in hypocotyls was higher than that in roots and leaves,and the expression level of CuAO2 in vascular tissues was higher than that in the surrounding tissues.In flowers,CuAO2 was clearly expressed in the sepals,filaments,stigmas,and petal vascular tissues.During the developmental process,the expression level of CuA02 in roots and leaves at the age of 3 weeks was not significantly different from that at 12 days.At the age of 5 weeks,the expression level of CuA02 in both roots and leaves showed a downward trend,but the expression level of CuAO2 in the vascular tissue is still higher than that in the surrounding tissues.In addition,CuAO2 was expressed in hydathodes in mature three-week-old leaf margins but not in guard cells.However,ABA,ACC,SA,and dark all significantly induced CuA02 expression in guard cells.3.In 12-day-old seedlings,CuA03 was expressed in roots,hypocotyls,and leaves,while the expression level of CuA03 in hypocotyls and leaves was higher than that in roots.CuA03 was mainly expressed in root vascular tissue,and was hardly expressed in the surrounding tissues.Also the expression level of CuA03 in hypocotyl and leaf vascular tissues was higher than that in other tissues.CuAO3 was not expressed in flower organs during the 5 week old reproductive stage.During developmental process,CuA03 was not expressed in the root at the age of three weeks,and at the age of five weeks,CuA03 was expressed again in roots and the expression level of CuA03 in the vascular tissues of root is higher than that in the surrounding epidermis and cortex.At the age of three weeks,the expression level of CuAO3 in leaves decreased,and CuAO3 was only expressed in vascular tissues and leaf guard cells.At the age of five weeks,the expression levels of CuAO3 in the leaf vascular tissue and surrounding tissues increased again.In addition,CuA03 was not expressed in the hydathodes in mature three-week-old leaves,while it was expressed in guard cells.Meanwhile ABA,ACC,SA,and darkness all significantly induced the expression level of CuAO3 in guard cells.4.In 12-day-old seedlings,CuA04 was expressed in roots,hypocotyls,and leaves,but the expression level of CuA04 in hypocotyls and leaves was higher than that in roots,and the expression levels of CuAO4 in roots,hypocotyl,and leaf vascular tissues are higher than that in other tissues.In the flowers,CuAO4 was only weakly expressed in filaments,stigma,and sepal vascular tissues.During the developmental process,the expression level of CuA04 in both roots and leaves showed an upward trend,and the expression level of CuA04 in vascular tissues was always higher than that in surrounding tissues.In mature three-week-old leaves,CuA04 was expressed in the hydathodes but not in guard cells.Meanwhile ABA,ACC,SA and darkness also could not induce the expression of CuA04 in guard cells.5.In 12-day-old seedlings,CuA05 was expressed in roots,hypocotyls,and leaves.The expression level of CuA05 in hypocotyls was slightly higher than that in roots and leaves,and the expression level of CuA05 in vascular tissues was higher than that in the surrounding tissues.In flower organs,CuA05 was highly expressed only in sepals and stigmas of flowers.Compared with 12-day-old seedlings,the expression of CuAO5 in roots increased at the age of three weeks,and the expression level of CuA05 in root meristems was significantly higher than that of surrounding tissues,but at the age of five weeks,the expression level of CAO5 in roots decreased.And the expression of CuA05 in leaves decreased with the development process:at the age of three weeks and five weeks,CuAO5 was only strongly expressed in the hydathodes of leaf margin and guard cells of leaf epidermis,while CuA05 was hardly expressed in other organs.Moreover,the expression of CuA05 in guard cells was induced by ABA,ACC,SA and darkness.6.In 12-day-old seedlings,CuA06 was expressed in roots,hypocotyls,and leaves,but the expression level of CuA06 in hypocotyls and leaves was higher than that in roots,and the expression level of CuA06 in the roots,hypocotyls,and leaf vascular tissues is higher than that in other organs.In flowers,CuA06 was only weakly expressed in the stigmas and sepal vascular tissues.At the age of three weeks and five weeks,CuA06 was no longer expressed in roots;at the age of three weeks,the expression of CuA06 in the leaves was significantly reduced and was only expressed in the hydathodes of the leaf margin,but at the age of five weeks CuA06 was also expressed in the leaf mesophyll and vascular tissues,and the expression in vascular tissue was higher than that in mesophyll tissue.In mature three-week-old leaves,CuA06 was expressed in the hydathodes but not in guard cells.Moreover ABA,ACC,SA and darkness could not induce the expression of CuAO6 in guard cells.7.The expression of CuA07 was not detected in various organs and tissues during various development processes of 12-day-old,3-week-old and 5-week-old.Also ABA,ACC,SA and darkness also could not induce the expression of CuAO7 in guard cells.8.In 12-day-old seedlings,CuAO8 was expressed in roots,hypocotyls,and leaves,but the expression level of CuAO8 in hypocotyls and leaves was higher than that in roots,and the expression level of CAO8 in vascular tissues of roots,hypocotyls,and leaves is higher than that in other organs.In the flowers,CuA08 was clearly expressed in the sepals,filaments,stigmas,and petal vascular tissues.During the developmental process,the expression of CuAO8 in roots increased,and the expression level of CuA08 in leaves first decreased and then increased.In addition,CuA08 was expressed in both hydathodes and guard cells in mature three-week-old leaves.Moreover darkness can significantly induce the expression of CuA08 in guard cells.9.In 12-day-old seedlings,CuA09 was not expressed in roots,hypocotyls,and leaves.In the flowers,CuA09 was only expressed in the stigma and the sepal vascular tissue.During the developmental process,CuA09 was still not expressed in the root,while CuA09 was expressed in leaves at the age of three and five weeks,and its expression in leaf vascular tissue was higher than that in other tissues around it.In mature three-week-old leaves,CuA09 was expressed in the hydathodes but not in guard cells.Moreover ABA,ACC,SA and darkness could not induce the expression of CuA09 in guard cells.10.In 12-day-old seedlings,ATAO1 was expressed in roots,hypocotyls,and leaves.The expression level of ATAO1 in hypocotyls was higher than that in roots and leaves,and the expression level of ATAO1 in vascular tissues was higher than that in the surrounding tissues.In flowers,ATAO1 was expressed in sepals,petals,filaments,and stigmas.During the developmental process,the expression of ATAO1 in both roots and leaves showed an upward trend,and the expression level of ATAO1 in vascular tissues was always higher than that in the surrounding tissues.In addition,ATAOl was expressed in both hydathodes and guard cells in mature three-week-old leaves.SA can significantly reduce the expression of ATAO1 in guard cells. |
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