| With the rapid development of the mobile Internet,the Internet rental bicycle industry,which complements the traditional public bicycle system with the guideline of “Internet + the last mile of trip”,has rapidly developed in China.As a complement to city public transit,the rental bicycle has the advantages of convenience,quickness,and low-carbon and so on.It effectively solves the problem of “the last mile of trip” and can ease city traffic congestion.However,the quasi-public nature of city-rented bicycle leads to its lower price,which makes the company's income low and even unable to make profits.Therefore,it requires the government's financial support.If the service level of rental bicycle is fixed,the fare of bicycle will determine the sharing rate of rental bicycles and also affect the sharing rate of public transit.Therefore,it is of great practical significance to choose an appropriate operation mode and government supervision mechanism.Meanwhile,the mechanism can encourage the rental bicycle operators set the appropriate fare to improve service level.So far,the city bicycle ticket system and fare determination are mostly empirical pricing methods based on gradient pricing.Research on the linkage pricing mechanism that considers government purchase payment constraints remains to be explored.Based on this,the main research work in this the dissertation is as follows:(1)Describes the development,definition,attributes,and operational mechanisms of city rental bicycle system.Based on this,it analyzes the suitability of operation mode of traditional public bicycles and Internet shared bicycles.What's more,it focuses on the mechanism and assessment methods of purchase-of-service contracting,which provides the basis for selecting the operating mode,reasonable pricing method and build models.(2)Build the models of the Internet rental bicycle pricing.Considering the intrinsic link between pricing and government payment strategies,the bi-level planning models are built from the perspective of interaction between trip behavior and fare setting.In the Model One,the paper analyzes the income & cost of rental bicycles.Besides,the paper determines the assessment factors of the purchase mechanism.At last,it chooses the public satisfaction and cost-return rates as the basis for payment.In order to build an upper-level function that uses service provision and fare control as decision variables which maximizes the profitability of operating companies.In the Model Two,the upper objective function uses the purchase payment method and the payment amount as the decision variables,with the goal of maximizing the social welfare of urban rental bicycles.In the lower objective function,the thesis analyzes the generalized cost of trip and the choice of trip mode to establish a multi-mode selection of SUE models,which includes rental bicycles,regular buses and cars.For the two bi-level planning models,the Genetic Algorithm is used to solve the whole model.Simultaneously,the lower SUE model is solved by the Method of Successive Average(MSA).(3)Verification of the example.The thesis designs an example to test the models and algorithm.In addition,it analyzes the optimal fare and traveler's demand change under the objective function of maximizing the social welfare of rental bicycle and maximizing the profit of company.Thus,the merits and demerits of each objective function are obtained.Then,using the Monte Carlo method(MCM)based on MATLAB to calculate the charging standard for each period.Residents can easily accept the actual sub-timed charging mechanism.Finally,the sensitivity of each parameter is analyzed to obtain the influence of each parameter on the optimization goal,which helps to take corresponding measures to maximize the benefit of all stakeholders.Besides,the corresponding recommendations are proposed according to the analysis of the results of the examples,which provides references for the sustainable development of urban Internet rental bicycles. |
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