Research On Spatial-Temporal Evolution And Ecological Optimization Of Tourism Land In Wulingyuan District Of Zhangjiajie City

In recent years,the issue of tourism land attracts much attention with the transformation and upgrading of the tourism industry.As a new land-use pattern,tourism land is the material foundation for development of tourism.However,our country is lack of a clear definition of the concept of tourism land-use,and the classification system of tourism land is not perfect either,which result in the separation of tourism land planning and land use planning.Therefore,it is imperative to clarify the concept of tourism land and improve the classification system for tourism land.This study clearly defines the concept of tourism land firstly,then establishes a set of scientific and reasonable classification system for tourism land based on the utilization characteristics of tourism land.Specifically,the tourism land can be divided into three types:land for tourism sightseeing,land for tourism facilities,and land for commercial development of tourism.The land for tourism sightseeing is divided into land for natural landscape and land for cultural landscape.The land for tourism facilities is divided into land for tourism infrastructure and tourism management facilities.The land for tourism commercial development is divided into tourism accommodation and reception land,tourism shopping land,and tourism entertainment land.This study uses MAPGIS software to obtain spatial distribution maps of tourism land of Wulingyuan District in the year of 1995,2005 and 2015,and uses the spatial analysis function of ARCGIS to analyze the tourism land and to establish the GIS database of tourism land in Wulingyuan District.Not only that,the time evolution process of tourism land in Wulingyuan District was analyzed from two aspects of the basic land use structure and the change of tourism land scale.And the spatial evolution process of tourism land in Wulingyuan District was analyzed from the following five aspects:spatial distribution of land use,spatial pattern of tourism land,dynamic change,spatial expansion,and landscape pattern change.Meanwhile,the negative impact of the temporal and spatial evolution of tourism land on the ecological environment was discussed.This study comprehensively uses the optimization method of tourism land space-time layout based on ecological suitability and the optimization model of tourism land type structure based on gray linear programming method,in order to optimize ecological tourism land in Wulingyuan District from type structure and spatial layout.On the one hand,during the optimization of the type structure,the area of land for natural landscape tourism was obviously increased by 578.44hm2.While the area of land for cultural landscape tourism,tourism infrastructure and tourism management facilities remain unchanged.However,the area of land for tourism accommodation and reception,tourism shopping and tourism entertainment decrease to 3.97hm2,0.74hm2 and 0.73hm2.On the other hand,during the process of optimization of spatial layout,ecologically rehabilitating the type of land that has been placed in the non-conforming ecological area and controlling the area of construction land in the appropriate ecological area,then the ecologically optimized map of land use in Wulingyuan District and the ecologically optimized map of tourism land in Wulingyuan Urban District can be obtained.Therefore,this study provides guidance for the ecological optimization and management of tourism land in Wulingyuan District and realizes the sustainable use of tourism land.