Comparative Analysis Of International PPP Procurement Policy

A total of 2330 PPP projects have been "discharged from the treasury Project library " since November 2017,most projects are in their pre-procurement and procurement stages.Therefore,we should reexamine the current standard practice of PPP procurement,take the existing policies as reference,fully draw on the mature practice of foreign countries,improve the PPP procurement procedures in our country.First of all,this paper analyzes the differences between PPP procurement and traditional government procurement in concepts,organizational structures,procurement procedures and rules,contracts and risks.Points out that the laws and regulations of traditional government procurement can not be fully applied to the PPP model.It is necessary to formulate more rigorous and scientific operating norms,in order to ensure the successful progress of PPP procurement.Secondly,18 failed PPP procurement cases in China are selected as the basis of the study.The key factors that lead to the failure of PPP procurement are identified systematically,include: design planning,market demand change,public opposition,bidding procedure problems and PPP experience of private party,private company violations,incomplete contracts and inadequate government supervision,points out the problems of PPP procurement in China.Then,this paper collects the PPP procurement policy which screened by scientific principles,establishes a database,and uses Nvivo to encode the theme words of the policy text,find out the frequency and proportion of each theme word.Through the high-frequency theme words to define the scope of PPP procurement and operation points.Contrasts the text of PPP procurement policy in Britain,the United States,Canada,Australia,India and China,from three stages of pre-procurement,bidding and contract signing.Summarizes the advanced experience and practice of foreign countries Finally,puts forward the suggestions for the development and improvement of PPP procurement in China.Based on the exploring of advanced experience of the Western PPP procurement system,this paper tries to provide references for developing and improving the PPP procurement system in China.