Marx's Criticism Of Modern Western Society And Its Significance

The modern western society refers to the capitalist private ownership society,and Marx's criticism of the capitalist private ownership society has been studied much.In this paper,the term "modern western society" is used,on the one hand,It is because Marx called the capitalist private ownership society a modern society directly;on the other hand,it is because China is moving towards a modern society in its own way,thus,The question arises as to what is the difference and connection between the modern Chinese society and the modern western society.On this issue,some people still have a vague understanding and once advocated copying and copying the trend of thought and have a tendency to return.It is therefore necessary to further clarify this issue.(Ⅰ)In view of the above ideas,the main content of this paper is divided into four parts:The formation of the modern western society.Modern western society after several years of development,based on the development of productive forces,gradually formed the economic basis of capitalist private ownership as the core and to serve the capitalist private ownership characteristics of superstructure,productivity,economic base,superstructure three unified constitute the basic form of the modern western the society.In this society,whether it is economic base,or the superstructure,are set up in accordance with the logic of capital,so the capital logic in this society dominates.(Ⅱ)Marx's multiple exploration of the critique of modern western society.Marx believed that the problems of modern western society were not single,but multifaceted,so he criticized the modern western society from different angles at different times.For example,In the early period,represented by the manuscripts of Economics and philosophy in 1844,the problem of capitalist alienation of labor was criticized from the angle of economics and philosophy,and the middle period was represented by German ideology.This paper criticizes the falsehood of various ideologies of capitalism from the angle of historical development law,and criticizes the fetishism of capitalist commodities from the angle of political economy,which is represented by "Capital" in the later period.In this way,he warned people not to understand things one-sidedly.(Ⅲ)Marx's transcendence to the western modern society.Through hiscomprehensive criticism,Marx found that the main root of the limitation of modern western society lies in the basic contradiction of capitalist society,that is,the contradiction between socialized mass production and capitalist private ownership.This means that the economic base of capitalism and the superstructure are incompatible with the socialized mass production.He further points out the historical inevitability of socialism or communism replacing capitalism by revealing the law of historical development.(Ⅳ)Marx criticized the Chinese road guiding significance for modern western society.Firstly,China road is unswervingly follow the road of socialism Chinese,practice has proved that this road is not only suitable for China conditions,but also conducive to the realization of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.China road and west road link is to promote the development of productive forces;the difference is that the traditional political,historical and cultural differences,thinking mode and so on.So we should learn from western factors conducive to the development of productive forces,while paying attention to the differences of limiting factors.