Multi-Path Scheduling For Haptic Media Communication Through Lossy Channel

The recently released the fifth-generation(5G)New Radio(NR)particularly focuses on ultra-reliable low-latency communication(URLLC)and enhanced mobile broadband(e MBB)services.URLLC service requires low latency of 1ms and high reliability of 99.999%,while e MBB service requires high data rates.URLLC service focuses on haptic media,while e MBB service focuses on video.Haptic media can be delivered in addition to video in 5G NR services.The main network conditions issues that occur in haptic media are packet loss,delay,and jitter as degraded the quality of experience(Qo E).However,haptic media is required to achieve high reliability,low latency,and minimum overhead in real-time applications.This thesis focuses on multi-path scheduling for haptic media.Multi-path scheduling provides a high promise in URLLC services to satisfy the requirements in terms of reliability and latency(i.e.,end-to-end(E2E)delay)for haptic media.In this thesis,a multi-path scheduling focus on dual-connectivity(DC)with packet duplication(PD)algorithm,where the same packet is simultaneously transmitted over multiple links(or paths)as a solution to meet the required requirements in haptic media.The main research contents and contributions are as follows:Firstly,haptic media communication is studied.The key problem or challenge facing haptic media communication is to require high reliability with a maximum packet loss probability of 0.001% and low latency at 1ms E2 E delay.Furthermore,principle,network architecture,compression,protocols,qualitative features,requirements,network conditions issues,quality of experience,and quality of service approaches are considered as the key enablers of the haptic media communication.Secondly,the multi-path scheduling is studied.Problem formulation,considered multi-path model,scheduling algorithm,and channel is presented.The novelty of multi-path is that can deliver compressed haptic media frames such as Intra(I),Inter(P),and Bidirectional(B)over different paths in the network.Finally,the considered method in a heterogeneous network scenario for multi-service traffic(haptic media with video)is implemented in Matlab.The simulation results show that reliability is improved by up to 57%,end-to-end delay is reduced by up to 23%,and protocol overhead is minimized by up to 20% over the single connectivity.