Research On Sound Source Localization Method Based On Multi-plane Multi-element Microphone Array

In recent years,microphone array has been widely used in sound source localization.Sound source localization technology based on microphone array has become a new research direction,which brings broad market and application prospect.Compared with other detection technologies,sound source localization based on microphone array has strong anti-interference and high concealment.Sound source localization involves multiple interdisciplinary knowledge such as signal processing and mathematics,and different array models and algorithms are needed for different objective factors and problems affecting the target sound source localization.Therefore,the establishment of microphone array and its algorithm selection is one of the research hotspots.In this paper,relative time delay estimation algorithm,spatial geometry azimuth estimation algorithm and thunderstorm charge structure theory have been combined to study passive sound source localization.The finite element method has been used to optimize the structure of the microphone array to solve the problem of poor localization performance of the sound source caused by the calculation blind area and the azimuth ambiguity.A sound source localization calibration model conforming to the angle conversion of microphone array has been established,and a sound source localization calibration method has been proposed,based on the observation angle of multi-element microphone array.According to the spatial distribution of sound source,the influence of the extreme angle of sound source on its localization performance has been studied.Spatial arrangement and numbering of multiple microphone arrays have been carried out to study the loss and distortion of sound source localization data.The main research contents are as follows:1.The structure,function,principle,advantages and disadvantages of the existing microphone array are analyzed,and the finite element method is used to optimize the microphone array structure.Then,the relative position relation between each microphone array is converted into three-dimensional coordinates,and the spatial position of the sound source is divided.Finally,an omnidirectional sound source localization method based on four-element microphone array is proposed to solve the poor localization performance causedby calculation blind area and azimuth ambiguity.2.The position and angle of sound source are inverted by microphone array,and the elevation polarity is determined by the relative time delay value of a pair of microphones on the vertical axis of the coordinate system where the array is located,so as to realize sound source localization in full space.Then,the localization error caused by array parameters is analyzed and a method to reduce the error is proposed.Finally,based on the perspective of array observation,a calibration model of sound source localization is established,and a calibration method is proposed to improve the calibration accuracy.3.According to the spatial distribution of sound source,a multi-plane stereo microphone array model is established,and the influence of extreme angle of sound source on its localization performance is studied.Then,based on the relationship between the localization parameters such as time delay estimation error,elevation angle and horizontal angle and the localization performance,the ranging and direction-finding error is analyzed.Finally,the angle value of the sound source is introduced into the azimuth estimation algorithm as the composite weighting coefficient,and the fusion algorithm of the sound source localization is proposed to improve the localization stability.4.Based on the theory of indirect measurement error and the calculation formula of microphone array parameters,the influence of two-dimensional far-field environment,sound velocity measurement error and array element spacing on the localization accuracy and stability of sound source is analyzed.Then,the spatial arrangement and numbering of multiple microphone arrays are carried out,and the multi-plane microphone array group model matching the sound source localization algorithm is established.Finally,the data complementary method of sound source localization is proposed to solve data loss or distortion and improve the quality of localization data.Aiming at the problems of calculation blind area,fuzzy azimuth and extreme angle of sound source localization,some reasonable microphone array models are established,and some new methods of sound source localization based on multi-plane multi-element microphone array are put forward,which solves the unicity of array structure,low accuracy and poor stability of the current localization algorithm.These studies have importantacademic value and good application prospect.