Analysis Of Performance And Energy Consumption Of Water-cooling System On Chip In Data Center

5G is officially commercialized in 2019,and ultra-high density information access will generate massive data.As the basis for processing and storing data-the data center server,its operation energy consumption must increase.At present,the operating energy consumption of most data center cooling systems is almost the same as that of data center IT equipment.The development of more energy-efficient cooling technology is imminent.In addition,most of the power consumed during server operation is converted to waste heat.If this part of the heat in the cabinet cannot be transferred to the surrounding environment in time,the operating temperature of the chips in the cabinet will rise sharply.When the temperature of the chip in the cabinet rises above 70 °C,the chip cannot be operated stably.In order to ensure the safe and stable operation of the server chip,higher requirements are placed on the data center server chip cooling system.At present,most data centers still use air cooling technology to cool chips.Due to the poor heat transfer performance of air as a cooling medium,with the continuous improvement of the working heat density of the chip,the inefficient air-cooled heat dissipation technology has gradually failed to meet the heat dissipation requirements of the server.To reduce the cooling energy consumption of data centers and ensure the stable operation of IT equipment,it is of great significance to develop efficient and energy-saving cooling systems.The specific heat capacity of water is equivalent to 5 times that of air,and it has better heat transfer load capacity.Therefore,the water-cooling technology of server cabinets has received widespread attention.Because,compared with the air-cooling technology,the water-cooling system has the advantages of low energy consumption and no noise.At present,the study of water-cooling technology on data center has become a hot spot.The research of CPU cooling technology mainly focuses on the development and performance analysis of single heat sink.For various reasons,the complete water-cooling system of the server cabinet could not be established.It is difficult to apply multiple watercooled heat sinks to the thermal management of CPU on the server board.In response to the above theoretical and technical status,the content of this paper is as follows:(1)Through the COMSOL software,the working performance of the integrated heat sinks in parallel cooling three chips under various working conditions of cooling water flow of 0.6-3.0L/min and temperature of 20-30?.The unbalanced flow of cooling water in three heat sinks connected in parallel is determined;and the difference in cooling performance of the three heat sinks is measured by temperature variance.In addition,under the best conditions,the overall performance of the parallel integrated radiator is analyzed.(2)The water-cooling model of the cabinet containing 12 chips was established through COMSOL software,and the water channels of the 12 heat sinks inside the cabinet were connected in parallel.According to the numerical calculation results,the flow performance and cooling performance of the chip water-cooled cooling system in the cabinet were researched for various operating conditions of the cabinet operating power 6.0-7.5KW,the cooling system water flow 4.8-12.0L/min and the inlet water temperature 20-30?.Determine the minimum cooling water flow required to maintain the safe operation of the chips in cabinet under different working conditions,and guide the subsequent system energy consumption analysis and system optimization.(3)Through the transient system simulation software TRNSYS,a model of a chip water cooling system in a data center server cabinet with a closed cooling tower as a cooling source,an air-cooled chiller as a cooling source,and both of them as a cooling source is established.Under the ambient temperature provided by Tianjin in a typical meteorological year,analyze the energy consumption of the three water-cooled systems when the cabinet with a power of 7.5KW,and determine the PUE value of the system.The results show that the cooling tower cannot provide stable cooling throughout the year to meet the cooling requirements of the cabinet.Therefore,the cooling tower and the chiller are needed as the cooling source of the water-cooling system;the switching temperature of the cooling source will affect the energy consumption of the cooling system.When the ambient temperature is 14? as the switching temperature,the energy consumption of the cooling system is the lowest.At this time,the data center PUE value is 1.189.(4)With the help of the experimental platform of the chip water cooling system in the data center server cabinet,the water-cooling experiment was conducted.Verify the cooling performance of the water-cooling system and the simulation results of the system's energy consumption.The results show that the maximum error between the chip temperature of the experiment and the numerical simulation is 27.2%,and the temperature error of the other 8 chips is within 10%;the error of the two system's operation energy consumption is within 20%.