| In 2008,Satoshi Nakamoto proposed the thought of a decentralized virtual electronic currency system,based on which the bitcoin system was launched in January 2009 and the foundation block of blockchain was born.After a decade of development,bitcoin is now worth more than 100 billion dollars.Since then,more than 3000 cryptocurrencies have sprung up referring to bitcoin and its blockchain technology,and the cryptocurrency technology has been widely studied and practiced.The research of this paper mainly focuses on bitcoin and cryptocurrencies.Firstly,we briefly described the operation principle of bitcoin,as well as the principle and application of blockchain technology.Then,three aspects are studied respectively,including the de-anonymization analysis of bitcoin,the identification method of bitcoin miners,as well as the heterogeneity and homogeneity of cryptocurrencies.In the study of the de-anonymization of bitcoin,firstly,getting internal transaction records of MtGox,a bitcoin exchange platform,combined with the transparent nature of bitcoin transactions and the security details in blockchain data writing,a heuristic algorithm is designed to match every MtGox transaction in blockchain.And using the characteristics of MtGox transaction,the matching algorithm is further improved to optimize the experimental result.Then the anonymous bitcoin address in blockchain can be included into the user account of the MtGox to achieve the goal of de-anonymization of bitcoin address.The study on de-anonymization analysis of bitcoin can help fight and track criminals who use bitcoin to commit crimes.In the study of bitcoin miner identification method,we track the fresh coin transfer routes to constructs fresh coin circulation networks,and propose a heuristic algorithm to identifying coin miners by comparing coin circulation networks from different mining pools and thereby inferring the common profit distribution schemes of Bitcoin mining pools.The research of bitcoin miner identification method leads to more clearly understanding of the details of bitcoin ecology and better prevention 51% of attacks.In the study of the heterogeneity and homogeneity of cryptocurrencies,firstly we represent the heterogeneity of cryptocurrencies in market performance,and then use correlation analysis of blockchain data and social index data,to find the cause of heterogeneity.Secondly,we raise the issue of the homogeneity of cryptocurrencies.Through empirical analysis,we find out that all cryptocurrencies are affected by the same market factors,which proves homogeneity of cryptocurrencies.Finally,we come to the conclusion that all cryptocurrencies are both heterogeneous and homogeneous. |
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