| With the advent of the 5G?fifth generation mobile communication?era,the communication frequency bands of mobile terminals has risen to millimeter wave band.This is the result of the exhaustion of low-band spectrum resources as well as the inevitable choice to increase communication capacity and achieve 5G communication goals.Compared with the low frequency band,the path loss of electromagnetic waves in millimeter wave band is larger,which need high-gain antennas to compensate.So,the array antenna is an ideal choice to overcome this problem.In addition,most of the millimeter wave communication frequency bands planned by various countries are relatively wide and the limited space of terminals such as mobile phones also brings new challenges to array antenna design.This paper proposes a candidate design scheme for the needs of broadband,large-angle beam scanning,low-profile,and extensibility in the design of mobile terminal array antennas.The design starts from a wideband millimeter-wave antenna unit.In a microstrip patch antenna with a dielectric thickness of only0.508mm,the antenna's additional zero-mode resonance has been excited by loading a shorting pin,this method is simple but effective.The combination of zero mode 2 resonance and TM01 mode resonance realizes the broadband design of the antenna,with a bandwidth covering 24.5-28GHz.Considering the limited space of mobile terminals and high gain requirements,we designed a 4×2 array.The array beams realizes a large-angle scanning,which can scan from-60°to+60°.At the same time,because of the zero-mode induced design by loading a shorting pin in the patch antenna is simple and compact,the antenna array has the extensibility of integrating with the RF chips.The simulated and measured results of the multi-layer dielectric millimeter wave array antenna verify that the array antenna also can maintain great performance of wideband and large-angle beam scanning in the multi-layer structure,which lays a foundation for the design of Ai P?Antenna in Package?antenna module.The Ai P antenna module designed with this array antenna also has wideband and large-angle beam scanning.Finally,for the ultra-wideband design of the antenna,this paper proposes a method by loading multiple shorting pins reasonably,so that multiple zero mode resonances and TMmn mode resonances are evenly distributed in the frequency spectrum,thereby realizing the ultra-wideband design of the antenna,and the bandwidth of antenna covers 24-36GHz.Then we designed an ultra-wideband antenna array,analyzed the beam scanning characteristics and spherical coverage of the array,and obtained the CDF curve of the array's gain under different layouts of mobile phones. |
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