Research On Energy Balanced And Low Latency WSN Clustering Routing Algorithm

Wireless sensor network(WSN)is a self-organizing network composed of a large number of sensor nodes with specific functions,and it has been widely used in military industry,business,civil,medical and other fields because of its flexibility.Due to the limited energy of sensor nodes and the harsh deployment environment,how to utilize the energy of sensor efficiently,balance energy consumption and prolong network lifetime has become a hot issue for scholars.Some applications require high real-time information,so the nodes should send the data information to sink node as soon as possible in order to make a timely and effective response to the event.Therefore,how to reduce the delay of information transmission is also a problem that Researchers pay close attention to.We firstly proposed an energy-balanced clustering routing algorithm based on ring partition(EBCR-RP)to avoid the network lifetime problem of unbalanced energy consumption and low energy efficient in WSN.Secondly,we proposed a low-delay clustering routing algorithm based on uneven duty cycle(LDCR-UDC)to reduce the delay of information transmission.Finally,we verified the validity of algorithm by simulation experiment.The main work and innovation of this paper are as follows:(1)We analyzed the advantages and disadvantages of WSN routing algorithm and the sleep/wake-up mechanism of nodes.(2)A novel EBCR-RP algorithm is proposed.To balance network energy consumption,improve energy utilization and network performance,EBCR-RP has been optimized in network model,cluster number,cluster head selection and routing path.Firstly,one-hop distance is calculated to minimize energy consumption and it is regarded as ring spacing.Secondly,by optimizing the number of clusters to balance the energy consumption of cluster heads,the network energy consumption can be more balanced on the basis of non-uneven clustering.Thirdly,in order to avoid the problem that no-uniform distribution and irregular number of cluster heads when probability formula to select cluster heads,each ring is evenly divided into blocks and the highest energy node is selected as cluster head.In the stage of data transmission,a transmission cost function is designed to find the optimal route path with the lowest transmission cost,which can effectively reduce the network energy consumption.(3)A novel LDCR-UDC algorithm is proposed.LDCR-UDC algorithm adjusts the duty cycle of nodes to solve the problem of information transmission delay caused by the sleep/wake-up mode.The low-delay communication links(LDCL)are set up for data packet forwarding.The duty cycle of nodes on LDCL is higher than other nodes in the network,so the waiting time of LDCL nodes is shorter for information exchange.Cluster heads communicate with sink through LDCL to reduce network transmission delay.At the same time,because the high duty cycle can cause high energy consumption of nodes on LDCL,LDCR-UDC designs a dynamic switching mechanism of LDCL to avoid the problem of data packet transmission interruption caused by node failure on the link.(4)The simulation results show that the EBCR-RP algorithm improves greatly in energy balance,energy utilization and network lifetime,while the LDCR-UDC algorithm reduces the network transmission delay effectively.