Characteristic Analysis Of Graphene Plasmon Temperature Sensing Based On Finite Element Method

Surface Plasmon Ploariton?SPP?,along the metal-dielectric or metal-air interface and originates from the interaction between light and collective electron oscillation on metal surfaces,can limit or compress electromagnetic energy in a very small space,even smaller than the diffraction limit.It can be used in highly integrated photonic circuits,which is one of the important ways to achieve photoelectric integration.In this article,graphene is applied to the field of SPP waveguide and SPP sensing.The main research contents are as follows:?1?We examine a novel SPP graphene waveguide with 1550 nm operation wavelength.To begin with,we verified that graphene has the capability in constraining SPP and enhancing coupling effect.Furthermore,in the proposed waveguide,the maximum value of propagation loss is approximately 0.055 dB/um,and the normalized mode area is constantly less than0.05,and the best threshold can achieve 3380 cm^-1,simultaneously.It is an important method that will be used to overcome the challenges of high speed,miniaturization,and integration in optoelectronic integrated technology.?2?We propose an integrated temperature/refractive sensor based on a plasmonic periodic grating with resonance peaks that can be tuned by the structural parameters.It is composed of optical fiber substrate,InGaAsP semiconductor material,Ag periodic grating,and surface monolayer graphene from bottom to top.According to quantitative analysis the structural parameters and the reflectance spectrum,the sensitivity of the proposed temperature sensor can reach 0.455 nm/? or 1625 nmRIU^-1.In addition,the operating wavelength can be tuned by structural parameters in the optical communication wavelengths;as a result,the application in integrated optical fiber sensing and biological measurements can be broadened.?3?We demonstrate a novel high-sensitivity plasmonic resonator sensor which is composed of two graphene-modified straight waveguides,two metallic layers,and a racetrack nanodisk resonator.The transmission characteristics,which were calculated by the finite element theory,were used to further analyze the sensing properties.Furthermore,after optimizing the structural parameters of the resonator,the Q value and the refractive sensitivity reached 21.5 and 1666.67 nmRIU^–1 or 0.466 nm/?,respectively.In addition,the proposed plasmonic sensor generates two resonance peaks for the different incident wavelengths,and both resonance peaks can be tuned by temperature.The results of this study can broaden the useful range for a nanometer-scale temperature sensor with ultrafast real-time detection and resistance to electromagnetic interference.