Research On Operational Management Strategy Of Transportation Network Companies Based On The Perspective Of Game Theory

With the increasingly development of global information technology and the arrival of “Internet plus” era,the networked trend is sweeping the world.At the moment,the sharing economy,represented by Airbnb,Uber,and Didi Chuxing,appears rapidly.In the tie of the sharing economy,the ridesourcing services also come into being in China.From the beginning of the rise,the ridesourcing services have been received the widespread attention and controversy from the media and the public.As one of the hot issues in management for scholars,there have been quite a few discusses and researches on operational management about ridesourcing services at home and abroad.First of all,this article collects and organizes related literatures from research significance and research background.Further,the research status and development dynamics are summarized about ridesourcing services and game theory at home and abroad.Moreover,from the perspective of the related concepts and theories,the definition of ridesourcing and others related is summed up.In the meanwhile,the evolutionary game theory and the principal-agent theory are combed.These basic works provide the construction and application of the model with theoretical and practical support.Next oriented by the actual problems,three models based on the perspective of game theory are built.The first model is the research on the Transportation Network Companies'(TNCs')management strategies for the drivers under new policies of ridesourcing services.In view of evolutionary game theory,the evolution of game behaviours and evolutionarily stable strategies between the TNCs and drivers are analysed.The model concludes the ratio of “strict management” for TNCs and the ratio of “legal operation” for drivers can achieve and maintain perfect condition,which depends on the tremendous control of the government.The second model applies evolutionary game theory to exploring how to avoid the dual contract violation behaviour between drivers and passengers by constructing four compensation-penalty control variables for the TNCs.The results indicate that the TNCs' management plays a critical role in achieving the cooperation and win-win mechanism of drivers and passengers.The dual contract violation behaviour between drivers and passengers also will be reduced.The last model is tripartite principal-agent model among TNCs,drivers and passengers.In addition,the drivers' overconfidence is taken into consideration and applied to principal-agent model.Theresults show the level of drivers' overconfidence can be served as the important metric of making optimal subsidy contract.The three models use MATLAB R2015 b software to do simulations and quantitatively analyse the effect of the parameters for stakeholders' behavioural decision in different situations.At last,through theoretical derivation and simulation experiments,the countermeasures and suggestions on ridesourcing industry's operational management strategy are put forward for TNCs.Most researches remain in the stage of qualitative description and reasoning,for lack of more detailed quantitative analysis of ridesourcing services.As a consequence,the application of game theory to quantitatively analyzing the complicated game relationships among the multi-stakeholders involved in ridesourcing market,makes up for the gap,which also provides the TNCs with practical reference for making the strategies of operational management.