Study On Hierarchical Energy Efficient Routing Algorithm Based On Fuzzy Logic In Wireless Sensor Networks

Internet of Things(IOT)has become one of the hot topics with the development of wireless communication technologies such as 5G in recent years.there is no doubt that that our lifestyle will improve in the next few years,Involved in the fields of driverless cars,intelligent transportation,smart medical care,etc.Generally,the essence of the Internet of Things is wireless sensor networks(W SNs),which is consists of a large number of wireless sensor nodes.Those nodes are randomly deployed in the target area to sense and monitor changes in the surrounding environment,then the acquired monitoring data is uploaded to the Base Station Via wireless communication.With Wireless sensor networks' simple and easy-to-deploy feature,real-time control of environmental changes can be achieved to avoid some disasters.However,since the wireless sensor nodes are generally small,the battery energy carried by themselves is relatively small,which determines that the working time of WSNs is not too long.Therefore,how to improve the energy efficiency of sensor node's battery has been one of the focuses of wireless sensor network routing protocol research.The wireless sensor network works generally as a single-hop or multi-hop self-organizing network system formed by wireless communication by wireless sensor nodes.In WSNs,node responsible for collecting and forwarding the entire network data is called a sink node,and its deployment is always located at a certain position in the network.Therefore,sensor nodes that are closer to the sink node generally consumes more battery energy because they transfer a large amount of data,and thus likely to generate "hot nodes",forming an "energy hole" phenomenon.In recent years,researchers have proved that the "mobile gateway" is very effective in improving network energy efficiency and extending the network lifetime through experiments.The so-called mobile gateway achieves the goal of network energy load balancing by constantly changing the location of the aggregation node.This paper mainly studies the working mode of mobile aggregation nodes and the network structure of wireless sensor networks to achieve the purpose of extending the network lifetime.The main works are as follows:1)Wireless sensor network routing algorithm based on static sink node and mobile sink node are summarized in the paper,also proposed the new problems faced after the introduction of mobile sink node.Then we classified the energy-efficient routing algorithm based on mobile sink node in wireless sensor network,at the same time the advantages and disadvantages of the hierarchical routing algorithm are summarized.Although the load balanced is achieved,the cost of routing reconstruction caused by the mobile sink node is sometimes too large,which will reduce WSNs's lifetime.Finally,we combine the advantages of these algorithms and improve its defects,and do some simulation to verify the efficiency of the improved algorithm.2)This paper proposes a fuzzy cluster head selection algorithm which takes three parameters into consideration,namely node's remaining energy,centrality of the clusters or grid as well as the distance between node and the mobile sink.Thus the problem of energy consumption waste caused by unreasonable communication distance increase can be avoided in hierarchical routing algorithm,3)A virtual grid structure based routing scheme is proposed to reconstruct the data routing path,during which only a small number of sensor nodes need to be adjusted in the reconstruction process,which reduces the energy cost of routing path reconstruction.The cell grid can be divided reasonable compared clustering algorithm,thus further improve the performance of the wireless sensor network.