Research Of Routing Protocols For UAV Ad Hoc Networks Based On Geographic Position

As a product of the era of intelligence,information,and automation,UAV(Unmanned Aerial Vehicle)has broad prospects in fields such as military and civilian use.Military UAVs are widely used in intelligence gathering,surveillance and reconnaissance,long-range attacks,and communications relay.Meanwhile,civilian UAVs have played an important role in power patrol inspections,freight logistics,post-disaster search and rescue,traffic law enforcement,film and television shooting,remote sensing mapping,pesticide spraying and other aspects.With the popularity of UAV in all walks of life,there is a trend of future development that it is expanded from working alone to working in a cluster.UAV will increase the efficiency of work in a variety of areas in the form of clusters,while UAV Ad hoc networks are important bases for determining the performance of the UAV cluster.The design of the routing protocol is the key technology of the UAV Ad hoc networks communication system.This dissertation is based on the research of routing protocols for UAV Ad hoc networks.Firstly,the basic concepts,goals and main characteristics of UAV Ad hoc networks are introduced.The common routing protocol algorithms and classifications used in traditional mobile Ad hoc networks,vehicular Ad hoc networks,and existing UAV Ad hoc networks are researched and summarized.Focusing on the characteristics of nodes in the UAV networks moving in three-dimensional space,fast topology change,and low node density,the advantages and disadvantages of the existing mature protocols and their applicability in the UAV Ad hoc networks are described.Through the acquisition of excellent routing protocol design ideas and innovative improvements,we propose a three-dimensional space weak state routing protocol based on geographic location,which is named WSR-3D.The protocol follows the greedy geographic forwarding algorithm of the traditional routing protocol based on geographic position,and uses the credibility measurement mechanism in the weak state routing model.At the same time,we design a sparsity detection mechanism,a destination node's location acquisition mechanism,and a routing hole processing mechanism,which are used to reduce the number of invalid hops in the routing process and ensure the stability and reliability of the routing protocol.Taking the parameters of packet successful delivery ratio,average end-to-end delay,average network throughput,data packet average hop count and control overhead as the main indicators,WSR-3D is modeled and simulated in the OPNET platform,and compared with the traditional route protocol GGF(Greedy Geographic Forwarding).The results show that the routing protocol has a higher successful packet delivery ratio and lower end-to-end delay.Compared with the traditional routing protocol,the three-dimensional space weak state routing protocol based on geographic location has certain performance improvement and can be applied to the UAV Ad hoc networks.