A Study On The Change Of China's Fertility Level And Its Influencing Factors From The Perspective Of Historical Materialism

Population,as the basic element of social development in human history,has an important impact on promoting social progress.The reproduction of human beings has also become an important link in social development.Fertility behavior can reflect people's fertility desire to a certain extent,and fertility level can better reflect the fertility concept and culture of the current society in the macro dimension.Therefore,the study on the change of fertility level is the realistic basis to understand the change of fertility concept and culture in China.With the rapid development of social economy,human society has undergone earth-shaking changes.As the sum of all social relations,human beings are closely related to social factors such as economy,family and education.Combined with the historicity of human development and the relationship of social development,the qualitative and quantitative analysis of the changes of China's fertility level and its influencing factors from the perspective of historical materialism is conducive to the in-depth exploration of China's population development and the promotion of the study of China's population strategic development in the new era.Marxist Population Theory is the theoretical basis of the development of socialist population society with Chinese characteristics.From the perspective of historical materialism,first of all,on the basis of Marxist Population Theory and the population thought of Chinese leaders,this paper combs the change process of China's fertility policy since the founding of the people's Republic of China,and builds the policy background for the change analysis of China's fertility level.Then collect the relevant data,and analyze the changes of China's fertility level in the two dimensions of time and space.It is found that since the founding of the people's Republic of China,China's fertility level has shown the characteristics of fluctuating decline,and since the 21 st century,China has entered a stable state of low fertility level.The change of China's fertility level is closely related to the change of fertility policy,which embodies the guiding role of socialist population theory with Chinese characteristics based on historical materialism in the development of China's population.In addition,China's fertility level has obvious spatial clustering,in which the high fertility level clusters are mainly distributed in the West and South of China,and the low fertility level clusters are mainly distributed in the North and Northeast of China;however,in the past 16 years,the number of cities with low fertility level clusters has decreased,and the number of cities with high fertility level clusters has a rising trend,and the rising cities are mainly concentrated in the southeast of China,so it is conducive to the coordinated and sustainable development of China's population,economy,resources,environment and society to strengthen the attention and research on the spatial change of fertility level.Then itanalyzes the effect of material production,marriage and family,education level,social production mode and employment development on China's fertility level from the perspective of historical materialism,then selects relevant variables and constructs data model to empirically analyze the influencing factors of China's fertility level.The results show that the current material data do not affect the China's fertility level,the expansion of average household size,the rise of rough divorce rate and urbanization have a significant role in promoting China's fertility level,the growth of per capita GDP and the rise of unemployment rate have a significant inhibition on China's fertility level,however,the impact of per capita education years on China's fertility level is not a linear relationship,but a U-shaped relationship,with a minimum of 8.8 years.Finally,based on the above conclusions,the proposed countermeasures and suggestions are to promote the matching connection between the two-child policy and the social and economic policy,give full play to the guiding role of Marxist Population Theory,clarify the unbalanced state of the spatial development of China's fertility level,and improve the endogenous power and innovation of China's social development.It is an extensive study in the field of sinicization of marxism to analyze the changes of China's fertility level and its influencing factors from the perspective of historical materialism,which is of great significance to the coordinated and sustainable development of China's population,economy,education,family and society.