On The Choice Of Government Tools In The Governance Of Private Higher Education Since The Reform And Opening-up Policy

Reform and opening up to now,our country's higher education management already walked through more than 40 years.The development of private higher education in China is closely related to the government's policies,and the achievement of policy goals is closely related to the choice of government tools.Guided by technical rationality,the theory of government tools advocates the transformation of the form of government administration and promotes the effective realization of government objectives.Therefore,the choice of government tools is an important factor in achieving policy objectives.This research chooses Vondel Dolan's viewpoint to the restricted and extensibility of government tools,combined with Salamon could be divided into direct government administration tools,social regulation,economic regulation,and funding support,government support,government-sponsored enterprises and welfare for the category of securities,to our country since the reform and opening China's central government and local governments to private higher education issued by the government for text file of quantitative and qualitative analysis.In order to add a new understanding and analysis method to the choice and application of government tools in the governance of private higher education.By the central government after the reform and opening up of private higher education management department issued by relevant method,law,plan,reply,outlineof 12 kinds of file type,a total of 70 copies of the relevant government issued documents sorting,combing with the analysis of the governance of private higher education in our country since the reform of our country of "private education promotion law" promulgated in 2002 for the node,before and after the analysis of two historical stages in the governance of private higher education in our country the characteristics of the tool selection.It was found that the total number of government tool choices issued in the previous phase was 288,including 32 government documents,accounting for 45.71% of the total number of documents.In the latter stage,the total number of government tools selected was 346,including 38 government documents,accounting for 54.29% of the total number of documents.The number of documents was relatively flat,and the selection and application of government tools in the documents were more abundant.In addition,the governance in the previous stage was mainly based on traditional administrative means,with restrictive policy tools accounting for 94.09% of the total tool selection,and the use of extensibility government tools only accounting for 5.91%,which mostly included macro policy encouragement and lacked practical policy guidance.In the latter stage,the use of extensibility policy tools increased significantly,which was three times as much as in the previous stage,accounting for 75% of the total options of extensibility policy tools(1982-2019).Thus,it can be concluded that the choice of government tools in the governance of private higher education in China generally changes from the use of restrictive government tools to the use of extensibility government tools.In the analysis of the category of tool selection in the two periods,it is found that the tool selection in the latter period increases the government allocation,direct loans and taxes in the funding support.Government support tools to increase infrastructure construction and government procurement;Government-sponsored enterprise tool types have developed independent colleges.In addition,through the sorting of relevant documents of local governments,it is found that from the time and type of documents issued,it can be seen that the relevant documents issued by the central government are preemptive and guiding compared with the relevant documents issued by local governments.At the same time,the choice of government tools in the governance of local private higher education in China has certain differences and regional characteristics.In addition,some areas have some innovation in tool selection.In addition,there are still some deficiencies in the governance of privately-run higher education in China,such as unclear or incomplete attribute characteristics ofgovernment tools and insufficient supply of information services.Therefore,on the basis of the above analysis,this study puts forward four Suggestions from the government: to constantly improve the attribute characteristics of government tools in the governance of China's private higher education,and at the same time,to choose appropriate government tools to coordinate regional differences.We should strengthen the supply of information service tools in government tools,and constantly innovate government tools according to the characteristics of China's private higher education,so as to provide more and more efficient choices of government tools.