The Effect Of Female Human Capital On Economic Growth Under The Background Of China's Fertility Policy Changes

In 2013,China's "one-child couple smothered by two children" policy to address the aging population and the decline in the size of the working-age population.In2015,the Fifth Plenary Session of the 18 th Central Committee made adjustments to the fertility policy,fully implementing the ability of a couple to have two children.As the main body of reproductive decision-making,the education,employment and health status of female groups will be affected to a considerable extent after the change of fertility policy,and the accumulation of women's human capital will be affected.Human capital is an important factor affecting economic growth,so the status of female human capital may also affect economic growth to some extent.In this paper,there are relatively few studies on the theory of gender human capital in the relevant literatures of human capital theory at home and abroad.Most of these studies focus on qualitative research and focus on its relationship with regional economic growth,and less on the role of women's human capital in the context of reproductive policy changes.The study selects the change of fertility policy as the entry point to analyze the influence of women's human capital on economic growth,and provides theoretical and empirical basis for promoting gender equality,so as to raise the attention of women's groups and serve decision-making.This paper combs through the research process of human capital theory,reviews the development course of female human capital,and clarifies the relevant background of the change of fertility policy in China.First of all,this paper divides the change of fertility policy in China into the period of lax control(1952-1980)and strict control period(1981-2015),respectively,establishes the VAR model to carry out empirical analysis,and finds that the average number of years of education and teacher-student ratio measures the female education human capital contribution to economic growth during the period of strict control.It was also found that healthy human capital,as measured by the overall mortality rate of women,contributed more to economic growth during periods of lax regulation.Secondly,this paper divides the period of lax control into two periods of preliminary exploration(1952-1969)andbroad family planning policy(1970-1979),and the strict period of control is divided into the period of only child(1980-2013)and two periods(2013 to date).In addition to the two childhood periods,this paper on the remaining three periods of the minimum two-multiplier regression analysis,the results found that the conclusion is consistent with the above,which further confirms the results of the VAR analysis above.Finally,this paper analyzes the relationship between female human capital and economic growth in the eastern,central and western regions,which is measured by the method of controlling lifelong income in strict period,and shows that the influence of female human capital on economic growth in the western region is greater,and the elasticity of the middle is the least in the east.Although this paper makes an empirical analysis of the role of women's human capital,there are still some shortcomings.For example,the use of linear interpolation method to process the missing year data is not accurate enough,and for example,less consideration of the differences between different groups of female human capital,in order to continue to study and work in the future in-depth analysis.