The Flourishing Of Research Schools And The Rising Of Disciplines

In the first half of the 19 th century,Germany replaced France as the new international chemical center.To a large extent,the establishment of German chemistry academic center is due to the rapid rise of chemistry discipline in Giessen University.From the 1920 s to the1950 s,the discipline of chemistry in the University of Giessen has achieved a historic change from being unknown to being one of the world's first-class.This change made the University of Giessen recognized as the "holy land of Chemistry" at that time,greatly changed the backward and old chemical education mode in German universities,and opened up a new development mode of university chemistry based on laboratory.With the help of this model,the University of Giessen has sent a large number of excellent chemical talents to Germany,even Europe and America,providing theoretical cornerstone and personnel preparation for the rise of German chemical industry in the nineteenth Century.The rapid rise of chemistry in the University of Giessen has become a typical case worthy of attention in the history of modern university,especially in the development of university disciplines.The rapid rise of chemistry in the University of Giessen is closely related to the prosperity of Liebig school.The Liebig school is a famous scientific school founded by modern German chemist Liebig relying on the chemical laboratory of the University of Giessen.Liebig school experienced three stages from its formation to its prosperity.From1824,when Liebig taught at Giessen University,to 1829,when Liebig and his team transferred the focus of their work to the field of organic chemistry,this was the initial stage of the school's construction.During this period,Liebig established the cornerstone of the school's development by establishing chemical laboratory,revising chemical teaching syllabus and other measures.From 1829 to 1839,it was the second stage of the school's development.During this period,Liebig led his team members to carry out systematic research in the field of mechanical chemistry and produced a large number of important achievements,which also made Liebig school famous in the academic world.The period from 1839 to 1852 was the third stage of the school's development and also the stage of the school's overall prosperity.During this period,the focus of Liebig school shifted to the field of applied chemistry,and made a series of breakthroughs in agricultural chemistry,physiological chemistry and other aspects.The Liebig school made a decisive historical contribution to the rapid rise of the chemistry discipline in the University of Giessen.The school established the University of Giessen as an international leader in organic chemistry and applied chemistry.The talent training mode based on the combination of laboratory teaching and scientific research created by the school made Giessen University a model of science education in modern universities.At the same time,the school engaged in multi-channel academic exchanges,which greatly improved the academic reputation and international influence of the University.Liebig School's historic contribution to the rapid rise of chemistry at Giessen university lies in that the school has an outstanding academic leader like Liebig as its core,the school has formed a loose and free academic atmosphere inside,the school has built a highly cohesive academic team,and the school has won solid policy support and funding guarantee.The historical phenomenon of the rapid rise of chemistry discipline led by Liebig school is worth studying and learning for Chinese universities which are committed to the construction of "double first class".As a reference,in the process of discipline construction,universities in China should introduce school consciousness,attach great importance to the cultivation of academic core figures and the play of their roles,actively explore the growth point of characteristic chemistry in line with the discipline development law,strive to build a cohesive academic team based on academic identity,and vigorously advocate and encourage multi-channel and high-quality academic exchanges.