Research On Road Network Structure Of Xiahe Historic District Based On Spatial Syntax

With the expansion of urbanization and tourism development activities to alpine regions,the original space and historical culture of historical towns in ethnic minority areas are facing the impact of foreign cultures in the context of Alpine ecological sensitivity.Under this background,how to protect the urban context,stimulate the vitality of the place and awaken the memory of the city is the thinking direction of the historical cities in ethnic minority areas.The occurrence and development of urban form,spatial pattern,historical context,landscape and human activities always show the characteristics of diachronic and synchronic.The development of cities is a process with vitality and an internal logic of dynamic and systematic interrelationship.In this paper,the concept of spatial syntax is introduced to understand the heritage space of historic urban areas more concretely,systematically and accurately,to identify the historical context of the city,to analyze the spatial morphological characteristics of historic urban areas in Alpine minority areas,and to put forward methods and Countermeasures for the protection of historic urban areas.Taking Xiahe County of Gannan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture as an example,under the guidance of spatial syntax theory,this paper traces the formation process of the city,excavates the regional characteristics of the historical city,explores the stratification relationship of the historical city,analyses the spatial network form of the historical city,and puts forward the protection strategy in combination with the special context of the alpine minority areas.Through the analysis of the spatial characteristics of Xiahe historic city zone,we can see that the development of historic city zone originated from Labrang Temple,which thrived in Labrang Temple.Labrang Temple developed along with the appeal of combining politics with religion.Xiahe historic city has typical tribal cultural characteristics in the plateau Valley region,the historical spatial characteristics of the integration of politics and religion centered on Labrang Temple and the spatial characteristics of belief centered on Tibetan Buddhism.The spatial evolution of Xiahe historic city can be roughly divided into four stages: birth and aggregation,decline and stagnation,expansion and consolidation,impact and protection.Through the study of the road network structure of Xiahe historic district,it is found that at the macro level,the old district of Xiahe county is gradually stratified inthe process of continuous development and evolution,and its street network space is irregular,affecting the accessibility of local areas;Xiqi Street is the largest area of pedestrian and vehicle traffic flow,carrying most of the traffic functions of the old district of Xiahe county.On the meso level,the intersection of Zhaxiqi Street and Temple Middle Road,Zhaxiqi Street and Cultural Road are two gathering centers in Xiahe County's historic urban area;the overall selection of historic urban area is low and the structure is single;the spatial recognition of historic urban area is strong,and the local spatial center can be better integrated into the overall spatial structure of historic urban area,but the comprehensibility of historic urban area is relatively high.At the low level,it is not easy for residents and tourists to perceive the overall enough characteristics of historical urban areas according to the micro-environment of local space,and their behavioral activities show strong randomness.On the micro level,the synergy and comprehensibility of Labran Monastery's key protected areas,the concentrated areas of historical urban construction control zones,the historical and cultural blocks of Wangfu Village and the historical and cultural blocks of Upper and Lower Tawa are relatively low,which is related to the special religious space of Labran Monastery and the imperfect road system of the development of historical urban areas.