The Analysis About Practical Problems And Its Solution Of Class Ritual In Compulsory Education

Ritual is an ancient topic originating in myth and religions,which generalizes to a large range of humans' life.There are a lot of meaningful ritual activities in classroom which played a key part in further learning process,building classroom culture atmosphere,but are selectively ignored by teachers and students.So the author adopts interviews,literature analysis,observation in deeply theoretical and practical research to explore the practical function and meaning.Taking teacher-student interaction in classroom as the main body,based on specific teaching target,Class ritual is the empirical expression with rich cultural symbolic meaning,group behavior and repeat performance.From the participant part,class ritual is divided into students' ritual,teachers' ritual and teacher-student reaction ritual;from the timeline aspect,class ritual insists of opening ritual,instructing ritual,evaluation ritual,finishing ritual.The characters of class ritual can be summarized into historical inheritance,symbol meaning,repeating performance,culture prescription.there are two types icon in ritual:linguistic and non-linguistic icon.Linguistic icon refers to blackboard-writing,teaching words,comment and students'answer,reciting,dialog,text,discussion and so on.Non-linguistic refers to facial expression,special distance,time control,environment arrangement and costume jewelry which arouse variety kinds of sensory organ such as visual,auditory,sensory perception.Theoretically,the effect of class ritual includes cultural communication,power control,role function,group cohesiveness.Construction learning theory from Piaget and Interaction ritual chain theory from Randall Collins laid a solid theoretical basis for our research.In the practical cases,opening ritual switches the identity of members,transform the relaxed state into formal,serious state;Instructing ritual has characters like multiple ways,complex situations,varies function;evaluation ritual focuses on direct dialog between teachers and students;finishing ritual reflects consistency of the whole class.The drawbacks of class ritual in practice include formalization,superpower,symbolic meaning absence,function dissimilation,lack of cultural edification.The reasons cover society culture,school,teacher and student,specifically including:lack of traditional cultural significance,lack of school ceremony awareness,not enough social develop idea of teacher,students' strong developing dependence on teacher.Aimed at solving those problems,the author puts forward some solution strategies.In traditional cultures' aspect:traditional backtracking and inheritance ritual culture,fusion epochal feature and reform actuality,look forward to the future and innovation.In school ritual cultures' aspect:remolding ideas,construction of system,fostering atmosphere,social support.In teaches' aspect:reinventing ritual cognition,specific implementation specification,encourage ritual innovation,improving the reflection of effect.In students'aspect:generating interests,activity participants,sentiment cultivation,habit formation.