The Relationship Of Drowning Safety Knowledges、Drowning Risk Perceptions And Drowning High-Risk Behaviors Of Primary And Middle School Students

Primary and middle school students have been drowning frequently,and the physical ramifications range from injury to death.It has become widely concerned by the government,society,schools and family.To prevent water safety accidents of primary and middle school students,schools are trying to strengthen teaching swimming in physical education,and hope to help those primary and middle school students master some swimming skills to manage an emergency in the water area,but what is confused is that the measure of improving the swimming skill of primary and middle school students did not reduce the drowning accidents effectively.Drowning accidents are often reported on the newspaper,among the victims,there are primary and middle school students with some swimming skills.With the frequent safety accidents of the waters of primary and secondary school students,the effect of emphasizing to take swimming skills to alleviate the high-risk behavior is limited.So the main purpose of this research is to study the influence of drowning safety knowledges on drowning high-risk behaviors of primary and middle school students,taking Hubei,"province of thousands of lakes" as a model.At the same time,it is to explore the mediation role of the drowning risk perceptions in the effect of drowning safety knowledges on drowning high-risk behaviors from the psychological mechanism of knowledge on behavior.This research takes a method of a questionnaire,Selecting three cities,Wuhan,Yichang and Enshi.A total of 12 schools are selected respectively in the three cities,and every urban and rural primary and secondary schools are selected in each.The participants are 1507 students including 911 middle school students and 596 primary students,who complete three questionnaires of the drowning safety knowledges,drowning high-risk behavior,drowning risk perceptions..Through the methods of descriptive statistics,correlated analysis and structural equation analysis,the following are the conclusions:(1)Primary and middle school students are lack of drowning safety knowledges and are easy to do drowning high-risk behaviors.On the gender,the level of primary and secondary school girls' safety knowledge and drowning risk perception is higher than that of boys',while their drowning high-risk behavior is lower.On the schooling,the level of middle school students' safety knowledge,risk perception and high-risk behavior of drowning is higher than that of primary school students.On areas,urban primary and middle school students' safety knowledge and drowning risk perception is higher than that of the rural primary and middle school students,while their drowning high-risk behavior is lower.(2)Primary and middle school students' drowning safety knowledges has definite negative effect to drowning high-risk behaviors.It means that the more drowning safety knowledges they master,the less drowning high-risk behaviors they will do.(3)The four dimensions of the drowning risk perceptions of primary and middle school students are drowning susceptibility,drowning seriousness,swimming skill benefits,and perceived barriers.Among the four,drowning susceptibility,drowning seriousness and swimming skill benefits take the mediation role in the effect of drowning safety knowledges on drowning high-risk behaviors:to master the drowning safety knowledges well is helpful for improving the level of drowning risk perceptions on drowning susceptibility,drowning severity and the importance of swimming skills in order to reduce the occurrence of drowning high-risk behaviors.Perceived barriers'mediation role is not prominent.The conclusion of this study could enrich the cause of drowning high-risk behaviors of primary and middle school students,and puts forward suggestions for the development of water safety education for primary and middle school students in Hubei from two aspects of internal system of knowledge and external supporting environment.From the internal system of knowledge,it can help construct three aspects of the integrated education of drowning safety knowledges,the common sense of water safety,knowledge of self-help and rescue,and judgment of waters,and change the current situation that education of water safety has the heavy skill,light knowledge,so as to make the knowledge become the important complementary skills,and raise the level of drowning safety knowledges for primary and middle school students;from the external supporting environment,it can make law,education and the society more important,make the education of water safety become a comprehensive education widely participated by the state,society,schools,families rather than by the relatively current school education,put the primary and middle school students in a "water safety nets",remind the awareness of safety,and raise the drowning risk perception to improve the system of water safety education and eventually reduce the occurrence of drowning high-risk behavior.