Research On The Cultivation Of High School Students' Time And Space Concept With Historical Maps

"History Curriculum Standards for High School(2017)" lists "time and space concept" as one of the five key competencies of the history course.It is a basic ability to form the concept of time and space in the process of learning history in that history develops in specific time and space.As one of the important teaching resources,historical map,with its unique intuition and concreteness,plays an irreplaceable role in understanding historical knowledge and forming the "time and space concept".To be specific,historical map is the basis of cultivating "time and space concept",meanwhile,this concept is the target of teaching with historical maps.Therefore,applying historical maps into instruction is of significance to bring up students' concept of time and space.Through the survey,it is found that teachers could generally attach importance to making use of historical maps,with less focus on cultivation of the time and space concept,such as space-time imagination,space-time framework construction,space-time vertical and horizontal connection,depth and breadth of the mining of space-time,etc.As a result,students are confused in time and space,and historical events cannot be well analyzed,synthesized,compared and reasonably explained under the space-time framework.Thus,teachers should not only use historical maps,but also employ them appropriately and accurately,that is,applying different types of historical maps need to take targeted space-time strategies into consideration;simplifying,splicing and adding historical maps to highlight spatio-temporal clues,suggest spatio-temporal changes and expand spatio-temporal thinking;instructing students to read and understand maps effectively to extract spatio-temporal information exactly.It has been proved practically that students can form a spatio-temporal framework in series from points of time and space to figuring out the cause and consequence,as well as the development process on the basis of effectively extracting spatio-temporal information.Of course,it costs some time to cultivate students' time and space concept with historical maps,which is necessary for teachers to make continuous innovations in teaching strategies so that historical maps are possible to become a pillar of cultivating students' time and space concept.