| Table tennis is our country's national ball,in our country there is a very high degree of promotion and a large number of participants,of which children are one of the main groups of table tennis participants.Table tennis has long been proved to improve children's physical shape,physical fitness,physical function and other physiological levels,but there are few studies on the impact of table tennis on children's psychological level.Therefore,this study evaluates the influence of table tennis on children's cognitive ability through multi-dimensional neuropsychological tests.On the one hand,it enriches the research results of the effect of physical exercise on children's cognitive ability.On the other hand,by determining which dimensions of children's cognitive ability table tennis has specific impact,it can provide practical data for the training and promotion of children,improve the attention of parents,schools and government decision makers to sports,provide theoretical basis for the formulation of school physical education curriculum,and create a more suitable cognitive ability for children.The educational environment for development;through the specific impact of specific exercise on cognitive ability,provide detailed theoretical data for the targeted exercise therapy of children's cognitive diseases;In this study,106 volunteers from Jinzhong New Century Primary School,Anning Primary School,Thomas Learning Hall,Tianjian Club and Taigu County Olympic Table Tennis Club were selected as subjects.Randomized grouping was conducted according to age matching.Six-year-olds were divided into control group(N=20)and experimental group(N=20),ten-year-olds were divided into experimental group(N=22),control group(N=22)and skilled group(N=22).The experimental group of two age groups and the 10-year-old skilled group were intervened in table tennis for 16 weeks(the intervening time lasted16 weeks,three times a week,two hours each time,and the training content and intensity were carried out according to the training program).The control groupof two age groups did not participate in other sports activities except completing the physical education courses prescribed by the school.In this experiment,the five dimensions of cognitive ability(intelligence,reaction time,executive ability,attention and memory)of subjects were tested twice before and after table tennis intervention,and the effects of exercise intervention on cognitive ability of subjects were compared and analyzed.The results showed that there was no significant difference in other cognitive ability dimensions between the experimental group and the control group except visual simple reaction time of 6-year-old group and visual choice reaction time of 10-year-old group(P<0.05).After 16 weeks of table tennis intervention,the experimental group of 6-year-old was compared with the control group in standard Raven reasoning test,visual choice reaction time and visual simple reaction time.There were significant differences in Miss times(P< 0.05),STROOP1(the first stage reaction time of STROOR test)and STROOP2(the second stage reaction time of STROOR test)respectively(P <0.01).There were no significant differences in the accuracy,Miss times and spatial location memory span of STROOP(P > 0.05).Compared with10-year-old experimental group and control group,the experimental group had significant differences in visual selection.There were significant differences in reaction time,target time and miss times(P < 0.05),STROOP1 and STROOP2(P < 0.01);compared with the control group,there were significant differences in standard Raven reasoning test,visual simple reaction time,target time,miss times,spatial location memory span(P < 0.05),visual choice reaction time,STROOP1 and STROOP2 in the 10-year-old skilled group(P < 0.01).The difference was extremely significant(P < 0.01).The change of cognitive ability dimension index which had significant difference between pre-test and post-test was analyzed.The change of visual simple reaction time,Miss times and spatial location memory span in the 6-year-old group were higher than those in the control group.The visual choice reaction time,standard Raven reasoning test and visual simple reaction time in the 10-year-old group were higher than those in the control group.The change of spatial location memory span in experimental group was higher than that in control group.Conclusion:Sixteen-week table tennis has a significant promoting effect on 6-year-oldchildren,but has no significant promoting effect on 10-year-old children.Long-term table tennis has a significant promoting effect on 10-year-old children's intelligence,and with the increase of exercise years,the increase of intelligence tends to decrease.Sixteen-week table tennis can improve the attention of 6-year-old children to some extent.Sixteen-week table tennis and long-term table tennis can significantly promote the attention of 10-year-old children.Sixteen weeks of table tennis intervention can improve the memory ability of children of two age groups,but it has not achieved significant effect.Long-term table tennis exercise can significantly promote the memory of children of 10 years old.Sixteen weeks of table tennis intervention can improve children's reaction time to some extent,but it has no significant promoting effect.Long-term table tennis has a significant promoting effect on children's reaction time at the age of10.Sixteen-week table tennis intervention has significant promoting effect on executive function of 6-year-old children,and extremely significant promoting effect on executive function of 10-year-old children.With the increase of exercise years,the increase of executive function tends to decrease. |
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