| Objective:This paper aims to analyze the differences of Leptin,PPAR? and Ghrelin between obese rats induced by high fat diet and the control group,as well as in obese subjects,and to observe the effects of aerobic exercise on Leptin,PPAR? and Ghrelin in plasma of obese subjects and rats induced by high-fat diet.Meanwhile,the correlation between the three indexes in plasma and gut microbiota of obese rats induced by high fat diet was analyzed.Methods:The objects include two parts: experimental animals and human subjects.(1)Experimental animals were 30 male SD rats,10 of which were control group,another 20 obese rats induced by high fat diet were randomly divided into obesity control group and aerobic exercise intervention group.(2)Human subjects were 11 college students(BMI < 22)as the control group and 29 college students(BMI > 28)as the aerobic exercise intervention group.(3)The concentrations of Leptin,PPAR? and Ghrelin in plasma were determined by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).The structural changes of gut microbiota in rats were analyzed by 16 SrDNA sequencing.Results:(1)From the animal experiments: The body weight and Lee index in the obesity control group were significantly increased which compared to the control group,but decreased after 6 weeks of aerobic exercise intervention.Compared with the control group,the levels of Leptin and PPAR? in the obesity control group significantly increased(p<0.05),Ghrelin levels significantly decreased(p<0.05),while the Leptin and PPAR? levels were significantly decreased(p<0.05)or Ghrelin level were significantly increased(p<0.05)after 6 weeks of aerobic exercise intervention.On the other hand,the Roseburia levels significantly decreased(p<0.05)and Ruminococcus significantly increased(p<0.05).After 6 weeks of aerobic exercise intervention,the level of Roseburia were significantly increased(p<0.05),the Ruminococcus level were significantly reduced(p<0.001).However,there were no significant correlation between Leptin,PPAR?,Ghrelin and Roseburia,Ruminococcus.(2)From the human experiments: The body weight and BMI of the subjects in the obese group were significantly inceased which compared to the control group,while decreased after 8 weeks of aerobic exercise intervention.Compared with the control group,the levels of Leptin and PPAR? in the obesity control group increased significantly(p<0.05),Ghrelin levels were significantly decreased(p<0.05).After 8 weeks of aerobic exercise intervention,the PPAR? level were significantly decreased(p<0.05);The Leptin level were decreased obviously without statistically significant difference,however,there was no significant difference Ghrelin level.Conclusion:(1)The level of hormones in plasma that can regulate energy metabolism were abnormally changed in obese rats induced by high-fat diet,which also showed in obese humen subjects.In the gut microbiota of obese rats,the number of Ruminococcus,which is closely related to obesity,increased significantly,and the number of Roseburia,which can produce butyrate and have significant anti-inflammatory effect,decreased significantly.However,there was no significant correlation between the changes of hormone levels involved in the regulation of energy metabolism and the changes of gut microbiota.(2)The level of hormones in plasma that can regulate energy metabolism in obese rats was significantly improved by aerobic exercise intervention.This was also seen in the plasma of obese human subjects.Aerobic exercise intervention can significantly reduce the number of Ruminococcus,which is closely related to obesity,in the gut microbiota of obese rats,and significantly increase the number of Roseburia,which can produce butyrate and have significant anti-inflammatory effect.However,there was no significant correlation between the changes of hormone levels involved in the regulation of energy metabolism and the changes of gut microbiota.(3)The level of hormones in plasma that can regulate energy metabolism in obese animals and human subjects were abnormal.The gut microbiota of obese animals was obviously unbalanced.It demonstrated these changes could be contributing to obesity.Aerobic exercise intervention can effectively correct the abnormal changes of plasma hormones regulating energy metabolism in obese animals and obese subjects,and can effectively adjust the gut microbiota structure of obese animals.It indicated that the above changes may be an effective target for achieving fat loss and weight control through aerobic exercise. |
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