| As a folk sports activity in Xiadongzhai Village of Niangziguan Town,Yangquan City,Shanxi Province,the horse race was first produced by the villagers who imitated the army messenger to send messages on horseback,and then it evolved into the most important sacrificial ceremony in the village,with a strong local color.In 2013,it applied for the intangible cultural heritage of sports in Shanxi Province.This paper uses the perspective of collective memory to study the horse race.It aims to explore the historical and cultural implications and contemporary values ??of the folk sports activity of horse race,and awake the current people's awareness of the inheritance and protection of sports intangible cultural heritage.This study uses the methods of field surveys,interviews,and oral history to explore the collective memory of horse race in villages in different historical periods,taking the horse race in Xiadongzhai Village,a traditional ancient village in China,as a case.This paper is divided into four parts.The first part mainly introduces the purpose and significance of the research,and the related research of collective memory,and the related research and research methods of folk sports.The second part mainly uses the collective memory theory to analyze the natural geographical environment,historical and cultural environment,field of activity and development stage of the horse race.The third part analyzes the social functions of the horse race in different periods from the perspective of collective memory.The fourth part analyzes the villagers' confusion about the status quo of the development of the horse race from the perspective of collective memory,and put forward corresponding countermeasures for the problems existing in the development of horse race.The results show:1.The horse race originated from the Han Dynasty is a folk sports activity with obvious militarized color.It was first developed by thevillagers of Xiadongzhai Village who imitated the army messenger to send messages on horseback.Xiadongzhai is a military station in ancient times,so the messengers often rode through the station.In order to commemorate the ancestors,the villagers of Xiadongzhai Village gradually transformed the activity of soldiers riding horses to convey messages in ancient into a folk sports activity.The horse race has been uninterrupted for more than 1,800 years.The historical development of the horse race can be divided into three stages,formation period,development period,tortuous period,and new period.2.The horse race in Xiadongzhai Village has not changed much in the past thousands of years.Its main form has been carried out in two parts:“ritual” and “performance”.Its ritual is mainly demonstrated in the following seven aspects: the lamp officer,the renting horse,the establishment of the organization,the printing,the inspection of lights,the incense and the horse race;the "performance" part mainly focuses on three aspects: cross the horse to patrol the streets,burn incense and pray for blessings,warm-up run and formal run.The two parts are different in different historical periods.It reflected the interaction between folk sports and villagers.3.The functional theory of collective memory shows that: in the historical period,the horse race was mainly used to offer sacrifices and pray for good luck,to dispel evil and to protect the village from bad weather.In the moment,it has the functions of fitness,entertainment,economy and identity.4.The study of the collective memory of the horse race shows that the horse race is faced with a shortage of reserve talents,a shortage of professional knowledge of the villagers,lack of scientific training,and a single mode of inheritance in the current development process.In response to these dilemmas,the researchers proposed: play the dominant way of government inheritance,play the main role of the inheritor of horse race,give play to the inheritance of school education,use location advantage and vigorously develop the tourism industry to inherite and protect it. |
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