Study On Physical Training Characteristics Of Men's Triple Jump Athletes In Hebei Province

The triple jump events can be classified into the physical dominant fast strength events according to the attributes of each group.Physical training plays an important role in the triple jump training.The triple jump is the traditional dominant event of the track and field team of Hebei province.The track and field team of Hebei province has cultivated such national-level coaches as He Youdi and Wu Ji,as well as international elite athletes such as Wu Ji,Li Yanxi and Cao Shuo.Wu Ji won the championship in the 9th national sports meeting.Li Yan xi on the 10 th national games,winning the championship on the 11 th national games with 17.59 m broke the Asian record,winning the championship,winner of the Doha Asian games in 2006.Active athlete Cao Shuo,winner of the 12 th national games in 2014 Incheon Asian games champion,a fourth at the 2016 Olympics in Rio,Asian games runner-up in Jakarta in 2018.It is by no means an accident that the men's triple jump athletes in Hebei province can consistently achieve excellent athletic performance,but rely on their scientific sports selection and training.As a part of sports training,physical training is the leading factor for the triple jump to achieve excellent results,and physical training mainly includes training content,training methods and means,and training load.In this paper,through the methods of literature review,field observation,mathematical statistics and interview,the author studies the arrangement characteristics of physical training content,physical training method and method characteristics,and the change characteristics of training load of male triple jump athletes in Hebei province in different training cycles.Through the analysis and summary of men's triple jump athletes in Hebei province of the road to success,to further improve the level of the project physical training is scientific,accurate and targeted,rich triple jump athlete's physical stamina training system,training for the guidance of high level coaches and sports scientific research personnel of research provides a certain reference value,so that the development of triple jump project "to the next level.Research results:Hebei men's triple jump team in a complete training cycle,physical training is the main component of the training content,accounting for 63.2% of the total training.However,from the perspective of its proportion in daily training,physical training tends to decrease gradually in the whole training cycle.From the content of physical training alone,with the change of time,the proportion of general physical training gradually decreased,and the proportion of special physical training gradually increased.Moreover,the methods and means are more specific and the combination of quality and technology is targeted.During a complete training cycle,different periods of physical training show the following characteristics.(1)Characteristics of physical training during convalescenceContent characteristics: physical training in the convalescent period accounts for 100% of sports training.The content and characteristics of physical training are mainly manifested in the strength quality training of core torso,hip joint and lower limbs.With the change of time,the absolute strength training time is gradually reduced,and the explosive force training time is gradually increased.The purpose of stimulating the relevant muscle groups is to restore the working ability of the main muscle groups,so as to prepare for the next stage of training.Characteristics of methods and means: the physical training methods in the convalescent period are mainly based on the transformation training method,and the design of the training means in the convalescent period is relatively simple,and the design of the core trunk training means is more.The training means gradually changed from the local training with the participation of single joint and single muscle group to the multi-functional training means with the participation of multiple joints and multiple muscle groups,and gradually increased the number of muscle groups involved in sports,with the characteristics of diversity and pertinency.The purpose was to lay a good foundation for the next stage of high-intensity special physical training.Load characteristics: at the beginning of the recovery physical training load,the training volume is large and the training intensity is small.With the change of time,the training volume becomes smaller and the training intensity gradually increases.(2)Characteristics of preparatory physical trainingContent characteristics: the preparatory physical training accounts for 68.6%,and the content characteristics of physical training are mainly embodied in the full-body explosive force training.With the change of time,the weekly training content is gradually reduced until the final training cycle is close to the "3+1" training structure.The training time is reduced and the rest time is increased,so that the athletes can fully recover their body ability in the small cycle and enter the next training in a better training state.Characteristics of methods and means: the preparatory training method is mainly based on the short-time repetition training method.The training method is designed based on the basic structure of human body and combined with special technical characteristics.The participation of body parts in the training method is gradually increased,the number of training means is gradually reduced,and the physical training means tend to be specialized.Load characteristics: the strength training intensity in the preparation period generally shows a trend of first rising and then falling.The high-rolling strength training volume is consistent with the change of training intensity.The squat strength training volume is always in a downward trend,while the speed training intensity in the preparation period gradually increases.The actual training intensity in February is lower than the preset intensity value of the coach,and the training load arrangement will be adjusted according to the actual situation.(3)Characteristics of physical training during competition periodContent characteristics: physical training accounts for 39.8% in the competition period,and physical training gradually turns to skill training.During the competition period,more attention was paid to explosive force training of upper limbs + lower limbs + core torso,and the proportion of flexibility training was increased.The purpose was to improve the athletes' muscle extension and joint flexibility,so as to further improve the special technical level and competitive ability.Characteristics of methods and means: competition period is mainly dominated by competition method.Training means are few and relatively fixed,lacking some resistance,lifting and other training means that are similar to the special one foot jumping and fast conversion.Load characteristics: during the competition period,muscle fatigue and nerve fatigue can be adjusted by training time,training intensity and training amount,so that muscle fatigue and nerve fatigue can be reduced to the lowest level of 20% in June,and the training ability can be increased to the highest level of 80-90%,so as to promote the ability line and nerve line to reach the highest level at the same time.