| In this study,a two-factor mixed experiment was conducted to simulate the actual situation of the reception of badminton doubles.High-tech eye tracker was used to track the subjects’ eye movements,and the eye movement prediction modes of different ranks of badminton players were compared and analyzed,so as to obtain the eye movement characteristics of high-level badminton players in the reception of service.The first part of the study elaborates the importance and influencing factors of badminton reception in turn;the related theories of eye movement and prediction,the current situation and shortcomings of eye movement tracking technology in sports field;and combs the hot issues of prediction and eye movement theory as a whole and eye movement tracking technology in the current sports field.The second part of the study is empirical research,using two-factor mixed experiment,independent variables are group and service type,factor 1 is the subject group,which belongs to the inter-group variable.It is divided into two levels: expert group(high level)and novice group(low level).12 professional badminton players are selected as expert group and 12 Junior Badminton students are selected as novice group;factor 2 is backhand serve.The ball in front of the net,which belongs to the variables in the subjects group,is divided into two levels: the front ball and the back ball.Dependent variables were eye movement index and behavior index.Eye movement index was gaze time,action gaze time,gaze times,eye jump time,eye jump times,blink time,blink times,pupil diameter changes.This part of data was recorded by the latest generation of portable eye movement tracking equipment-Tobii Pro Glasses 2 Eye Tracker and extracted by its own analysis system.Behavior indicators are starting reaction time and receiving effect respectively.High-speed video camera is used to record the receiving characteristics of the subjects.Through video analysis,the difference between the two groups of horizontal badminton players’ receiving reaction time and receiving effect data is analyzed.Based on the comprehensive experimental results,the following conclusions are drawn:(1)The higher the athlete’s level,the higher the accuracy of prediction.Expert team players have shorter start time,faster start speed,shorter average reaction time and better batting effect when receiving service.(2)There is no significant difference between the behavior data and eye movement data of the expert group players in receiving and serving the front and back court balls.The difference between novice players is obvious.The success rate of the novice team in predicting the front court balls is higher than that of the back court balls.(3)The focus of the expert group players is mainly on the main test service action and racket area.The search of the expert group for the pre-judgment information during receiving and serving is mainly focused on the server’s limb action and racket.In the novice group,the gaze field was dispersed and the gaze range was wide.There were out-of-field gaze during the main test preparation for serve and the serve lead racket stage.(4)In the preparation stage,there were significant differences in the number and time of gaze between the two groups in different regions of interest.The order of the number of times the expert group watched in the area of interest was as follows: ball and racket area > racket > hip > head > handler > lower limb > ball > trunk > shoulder > off-court.For the novice group,the order was trunk > lower limb > handler > racket area > racket > head > off-court > shoulder > hip > ball.The average gaze time ranged from 17.94 ms(off-site)to 172.34 ms(racket)in the expert group and from 37.87 ms(ball)to 181.15 ms(lower limb)in the novice group.Among them,the longest gaze time of the expert group was racket,the shortest gaze time was off-field,the shortest gaze time of the novice group was ball and the longest gaze time was lower limb.(5)In the service lead racket stage,the total number of stares of the novice group is larger than that of the expert group.The order of stares of the expert group is: racket > ball and racket > ball > racket holder,and novice group: ball and racket > off-court > ball > head > shoulder > racket holder > racket.The average gaze time ranged from 50.87 ms(racket holder)to 92.96 ms(racket),and the order of gaze time was racket > ball and racket > ball > racket holder;the average gaze time ranged from 54.5 ms(shoulder)to 112.17 ms(racket)in novice group,and the order of gaze time was racket > racket > racket holder > racket > ball > head > shoulder.(6)In the stage of ball flight,the staring time is: novice front field > novice back field > expert front field > expert back field;the jumping time of novice front and novice back field equals to that of novice back field,and is also the largest in numerical value.The difference of the jumping time between expert group and novice back field is relatively small;blink time: novice back field > novice front field > expert back field > expert front field.The number of eye-hops and blinks of expert group is less than that of novice group;in the number of eyes: novice front-field > novice back-field > expert front-field > expert back-field;in the number of eye-hops: novice back-field > novice front-field > expert back-field > novice front-field;in the number of blinks: novice back-field > novice front-field > expert back-field > novice front-field.Pupil size changes: novice front field > novice back field > expert back field > expert front field.(7)Effective visual search methods of expert team players mainly focus on the racket and the ball.Badminton reception can be predicted by focusing more attention on the racket and the ball of the serving player.Badminton receiving and serving prediction needs certain badminton technology as the basis,the improvement of the ability of prediction will improve the receiving and serving technology,and on the basis of solid technology,increasing the forecasting skills can achieve the effect of icing on the cake. |
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