Employment Effect Of Industrial Change In Digital Trade Era

Digital trade has become a new engine of global economic growth and is changing the employment.Through social network analysis,theoretical deduction and measurement model,this paper studies the development trend the effect of biased employment and the role of industry heterogeneity of digital trade,providing references for development of digital trade and talent policies.This paper describes the development status of the digital trade network through the analysis of social network: the global digital trade network is balanced and stable,but has begun to show a trend of centralization;the gaps between countries are large,Europe and the US are at the center;the global digital trade network can self-repair;China's position is relatively marginal,trade links are weak,and the distribution of trade objects is relatively concentrated.In the part of theoretical research,this paper improves heterogeneous enterprise theory and biased technology progress theory,introduces heterogeneity of information efficiency into production function,divides capital factors into digital capital and traditional capital,and labor factors into high-skill and low-skill,and models trade links such as consumption,production and enterprises entering the market.The research finds that the characteristics of employment effect of digital trade are as follows: high-skilled bias,promoting employment of high-skilled labor force,restraining employment of low-skilled labor force when product demand elasticity is small;industry heterogeneity,which varies with product demand elasticity,factor substitution elasticity and digital efficiency;cost decreasing bias,lowering threshold cost and marginal cost,and higher cost-reducing efficiency produces more obvious employment scale effect.In the empirical research part,this paper attempts to verify the theoretical conclusion,using the sample of Listed Companies in China,representing the informatization efficiency with the application of digital trade,representing the "profit-cost ratio" with the company size and profitability.Based on the fixed-effect model,this paper empirically examines the employment effect of digital trade at the micro level for the first time,and finds that the impact of the development of digital trade on different industries is heterogeneous.Digital trade has a substitution effect on non-technical personnel in traditional industries,and has a certain lag;the social attributes of financial industry are obvious,digital trade only increases the number of highly educated employees;the digital efficiency of the Internet industry significantly improves the number of employees of all kinds,and the scale effect is significant.The main conclusions of this paper pass the robustness test.According to the conclusions,it is suggested that China should promote digital trade and set employment policies in different industries.