| Purpose: Based on the status of the fitness mode of middle-aged and elderly citizens in main urban areas of Xi'an City,this study uses questionnaires and community surveys as means to pass through five major districts in Xi'an City(Weiyang District,Lianhu District,Beilin District,Baqiao District and Yanta District),five residential communities(Zhangjiapu Community,Ziqiang Community,Taibai Community,Changlepo Community and Four Seasons Community)were included in the survey.400 middle-aged and elderly people aged from 45 to 75 years old were randomly selected to conduct a questionnaire survey to understand the current status of fitness activities for middle-aged and elderlyy citizens in Xi'an.Compared with previous studies,this study is based on analysis of the current status of fitness mode for middle-aged and older people to facilitate the promotion and to provide guidance for residents of urban communities to provide services for public and scientific fitness,and to promote the development of physical activities for residents of the community,in order to effectively enhance the physical fitness of the community and improve the quality of life of the middle-aged and elderly people.Subjects and Methods: Through social recruiting(visiting communities of main area in Xi'an city),middle-aged people aged 45 to 75(60.69±8.24)were selected as experimental subjects.In the main urban area of Xi'an city,80 questionnaires were distributed in five different regions and a total of 400 questionnaires were collected.After the questionnaires were exchanged with the experimental subjects and completed,the questionnaires were retrieved.The research content mainly includes: the general living conditions,health status(disease,sub-health status),physical fitness(strength,endurance,speed,agility,flexibility),lifestyle(food,sleep,etc.),participation in sports activities,relationships,life satisfactionResults: According to the valid questionnaire collected,it shows:(1)Women's fitness group accounted for 73%,and males' fitness group accounted for 27%.According to the interviewed subjects,it was found that women's attitude towards life is generally better than that of men.Among male subjects,30% were men who smoked,and 41% were men who consumed alcohol.Among women,women who smoked almost none,and women who consumed alcohol accounted for 3.3%.(2)The current health status showed that 58.2% of the respondents was healthy without any diseases.The number of patients with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases accounted for 18.5%,the number of patients with respiratory diseases accounted for 3.9%,and the number of patients with urinary system diseases accounted for 3.3%.The number of people with joint diseases accounted for 17.9%,and the others accounted for 5.5%.Among them,the number of diseases related to cardiovascular,cerebrovascular and joint diseases is relatively large.(3)The interviewees' awareness of what kind of physical exercise program is suitable for them is focused on "knowing" and "slightly knowing",which accounted for 52.1% and 43.3% of the respondents respectively,and it was only 4.5% of the people who did not know.The awareness of the reasons for the promotion of health in sports was: 47.6% of the people who think they know,44.2% of the people who know something,and 8.2% of people who do not know;The results of a scientific survey of physical exercise were as follows: 31.8% of people knew about it,56.4% of people knew it slightly,and 11.8% did not know it.(4)80% of respondents chose to do sport in a park or a square.33% of respondents thought that the reason for obstructing fitness is that there is no suitable fitness place.78% of respondents thought that the community should provide more for fitness people.The number of people who spent less than 500 yuan per year on fitness among these interviewees was 74%.These data were the maximum of the survey results.Conclusion:(1)The proportion of women who do physcial activity in the middle-aged and the elderly in Xi'an was more than that of men,and women were far superior to men in smoking and drinking and other bad habits.The proportion of retirees in the middle-aged and the elderly was more,and the degree of education was more in high school.The family structure of the middle-aged and old people was the core family.(2)The health status showed that 58.2% respondents were without any disease,the number of respondents with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases accounted for 18.5%,the number of respondents with diseases of the respiratory system accounted for 3.9%,the number of respondents with diseases in urinary system accounted for 3.3%,the number of respondents with joint diseases accounted for 17.9%.The number of respondents with diseases in tcardiovascular and joints was relatively large.(3)Most of the middle-aged and elderly citizens in Xi'an understand the benefits of fitness programs and but most people do not know how to do scientific fitness.In the frequency of participating in the exercise,most people can often take part in and do regular physical exercise every day.Walking has become the main choice for majority people.Their main motivation for middle-aged and elderly people to participate in physical exercise is to keep fit,and the middle-aged and elderly population prefer to improve their physical form and mental outlook through physical exercise.(4)The majority of middle-aged and elderly citizens in Xi'an chose free parks or squares as training area.Most middle-aged and elderly citizens argued that communities should provide more fitness facilities and fitness guidance services for them.Most middle-aged and elderly citizens didn't know wearable electronic devices and related app on fitness,and most of them spent less money on fitness every year.For related text or propaganda of fitness knowledge,most people only paid attention to it occasionally,only a few people were very concerned.In the survey on sedentary behavior,most people spent two to four hours a day on sitting state. |
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