The Formation Of Urban Professional Beggars

This study takes the life course theory as the research perspective and the beggars who are the lowest social group as the research object.With the longitudinal study as the research method for tracing the life course of the beggar group and collect the most real survival and development data of the beggar by the means of non-participant observation and semi-structured interview.In addition,from listening to the beggar's words about reasons of professionalization and turning life events,combine their survival society with times and family background,find out the mutual embedding process between individual life course,social change and the internal mechanisms that continue to differentiate in this process.In this study,we find that professionalization is the current state of beggar's existence and development,and this state is due to the accumulation and differentiation of various accumulation factors.This cumulative state of professionalism is not only the result of life course capital encountering life course risk,but also the result of interaction between individual initiative and time factor.This paper includes six chapters,the first chapter is the introduction part of this paper,mainly describes the origin of this study,research purposes and significance,past research,the life course theory and methods used in this paper.The second chapter describes the survival and development status of beggars based on the survey data and previous research.On the one hand,it reflects the most real life of beggars from their gender,age,health,food and so on.On the other hand,it finds the most real professional status of beggars from the general characteristics of beggars' begging style,begging time and place.Chapter three to chapter six analyze the reason why beggars are professional from the perspective of life course theory,that is,what are the main factors in their life course.The third chapter mainly summarizes the beggar's initial cumulative factors of life course from the space-time background,family factors,and physical factors.The fourth chapter is based on the education events,marriage events,work events and other turning life events sorting out the cumulative factors of time.The fifth chapter is also based on the four important life events,analyzing the role of beggar's personal initiative,and summarizing the initial cumulative factors,time cumulative factors and the cumulative effect.The sixth chapter is the summary of this article,while summing up the above content,explaining the central point of this article.The dynamic process of accumulative professionalization is not only the result of the joint action of the initial accumulation factor and the time accumulation factor in a certain temporal and spatial context,but also the result of the individual self-selection of beggars.