| In 1930s,the county government construction experiment was promoted by the state power and the rural construction movement,and was explored from top to bottom and bottom up.Experimental political activities on county politics.Jiangning Autonomous Experimental County and Lanxi Experimental County are government-run county political experimental counties.They mainly explore the problems of county administration system and rural social control.In this paper,Jiangning Autonomous Experimental County and Lanxi County are selected as the research areas,and the reform course of the county government construction experimental county education from 1933 to 1937 is taken as the object of investigation,which attempts to cut into the educational history from the perspective of the history of education.Through combing the general situation of the education development in the experimental county,it presents the characteristics of the educational reform in the experimental county comprehensively and concretely.Based on this,the thesis mainly discusses the following four parts.First of all,it focuses on the background and general situation of the establishment of the experimental county in the construction of county politics.The Kuomintang government has been frustrated in promoting "county autonomy".In order to strengthen its rule over the grassroots regime,it has attempted to sum up the experience of county administration construction through experiments in Jiangning and Lanxi.This paper outlines the basic situation of reforming local administration and civil affairs,rectifying social security,reviving rural economy,organizing land reports and construction projects,and analyzing the characteristics of the experiment of county government construction.Secondly,the thesis focuses on school education and social education in experimental counties.By improving private schools,rectifying private primary schools,establishing a central primary school district system and implementing compulsory education,and so on,promote the development of primary education in experimental counties,and to establish Jiangning Middle School and Lanxi County simple normal School,Improve the system of teacher training and verification.In social education,through the regulations on enrollment,curriculum and teaching materials of popular schools,make the education of people's schools more institutionalized and standardized.To promote the development of social education,people's reading and public sports fields,farms and parks.Actively improve the rural people's cultural,moral and other literacy.Thirdly,explore the education administration and education finance of the experimental county.The experimental county changed the Bureau of Education into the Education Section,The experimental county has a variety of sources of education funds,mainly county funds.Other taxes are supplemented by other taxes.The experimental county reasonably allocates the educational funds and effectively supervises and manages the use of the educational funds so that the educational funds can play the most important role.These initiatives shows the positive effect of experimental county education development.Finally,it summarizes the characteristics of the educational reform in the experimental county of county government construction.The experimental county promotes the political construction with the strength of rural education and teachers through the way of "integration of government and religion".With the help of political forces,education is carried out."Integration of schools and society" is carried out.School education and social education are integrated.Social education is handled by primary schools to promote the popularization of social education.Education in experimental counties is characterized by a combination of the new and the old,and is promoted by the authorities.The number of new schools in the countryside is growing,but private schools still exist in rural society.The educational reform of the experimental county is not only a part of the whole county government reform,but also a positive force to promote the county government reform and rural construction. |
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