Migration’s Contribution To The Sex Ratio Of Urban Population And Influence

Migration and gender structure are two independent areas of demography study but both draw great attention.In the study field of population gender,a long time high sex ratio at birth causes a series of social phenomenon,such as gender imbalance,marriage squeeze,human trafficking and even more the economic and population safety impact.Population sex structure may have regional differences,under the influence of massive migration,the difference will be changed significantly between regions.City,as the main choice of migration,its gender balance will be facing severe impact as so.Analysis of the migration’s contribution to the inflow region and related impact shows strong practical significance.This paper selects Kunming City as a study case,focusing on the migration’s contribution to the Kunming population sex ratio’s increasing and also the social and economic impact.This paper choose the research method of sex ratio factors contribution analysis,which already has been applied in former demography studies.Based on migration’s age structure,urban-rural household registration and migrating distance,this paper analyze migration’s contribution pushing up urban population’s sex ratio and consequences.Using 2012 and 2015 dynamic monitoring data of the migration in Yunnan province,the analysis results show that the migration’s sex ratio(2012:112.63,2015:113.72)is higher than sex ratio equilibrium interval(96-106),and also higher than the city local population sex ratio(2012:102.22,2015:100.58),which means the migration pushing urban population sex ratio up significantly.From the perspective of the age structure,age-based factor contribution rate shapes as same as a letter of M,which means,lower age group and higher age group of migration contribute most while marriageable age group of migration has an negative effect.From the perspective of urban/rural household registration,migration from rural area is the main contribution on pushing up Kunming population’s sex ratio.From the perspective of provincial distribution,in 2012,migration from Sichuan Province(inter-provincial migration)contributed most on pushing up Kunming population’s sex ratio,in 2015,migration from Yunnan Province(inner-province migration)became the biggest contribution,which reflects the significant change of time and space.Combined with related theories and literature research,this paper further study on the social and economic effects brought by migration’s contribution to Kunming City population’s sex ratio.Migration’s sex structure differences existing in many factors,as in age,urban/rural household registration,migrating distance and so on,brought a series of social influence(such as marriage squeeze,social integration,education gender inequality,old-age social security,family planning services and so on)and economic impact(such as access to jobs,income gender equality,industrial sex selection and so on).At last,this paper brought out related apocalypse.