| With the evolution of the international division of labor,the export sophistication has become an important indicator that affects a country's own position in the global value chain and its trade structure.Since then,scholars have begun to pay more attention to the relative impact of export sophistication.And the rapid rise of service economy has made service trade and service industry a new engine of economic development after the world economic crisis.At the same time,service trade has also become an important factor that affects the wage level of service industries in our country.Therefore,the question of how the service export sophistication affects the wage level of service industry in our country becomes the starting point of this paper.After sorting out the relevant literature and theories,this paper uses the service export sophistication data excluding foreign value added,using the service-related panel data in China and using least square method and cross-section weighting method respectively,from the perspectives thinking of three different element density including the labor,capital and knowledge of service export sophistication respectively,and from the perspectives thinking of three different element density simultaneously,then empirical analysis is made on the wage levels of China's service industry from 2004 to 2014 respectively.Analysis results found:Results from the perspectives thinking of three different element density including the labor,capital and knowledge of service export sophistication respectively found that:(1)When the cross-section between export sophistication and foreign direct investment was not introduced,the different element densities including the labor,capital and knowledge of service export sophistication have a significant negative effect on the wage gap in the service industry in China.At this time,the different element densities of service export sophistication are mainly the technical progress of low-skilled labor biased type;When adding the cross-terms of export sophistication and foreign direct investment,the effect of export sophistication on the wage gap of the service industry in China is positive,and the impact of labor and capital-intensive export sophistication both are significant at the 1% level of significance,but the effect of knowledge-intensive export sophistication is not significant.At this time,the sophistication of export of different factor-intensive services in China is mainly the technical progress of the high-skilled labor biased type.(2)At the same time,other explanatory variables including foreign direct investment(FDI),value-added(PZJZ),open degree of service trade(OPEN),and capital intensity(KL)all basically showed a significant positive effect,it is a 1% increase in the corresponding variable,the service industry's wage gap.It will increase the corresponding percentage accordingly.(3)In addition,the coefficient of the cross item between export sophistication and foreign direct investment is negative,that is,export sophistication under the influence of foreign direct investment has a shrinking effect on the service industry wage gap.Results from the perspectives thinking of three different element density simultaneously found that:(1) Before the impact of export sophistication and foreign direct investment cross-cutting was introduced,labor-intensive export sophistication has a significant negative impact on the service industry wage gap;capital-intensive export sophistication has a significant positive effect on the wage gap;Knowledge-intensive export sophistication shows significant positive impact on the wage gap when no other variables besides EXPY,introduction of FDI,introduction of FDI and OPEN,and introduction of all variables,but introduction of FDI,PZJZ,OPEN And the introduction of FDI,PZJZ,OPEN and KL shows a significant negative effect.(2)At the same time,compared with the regression result of considering only one kind of intensive export sophistication,the results of the joint effects of three different intensive export sophistications indicate that the increase in labor-intensive export sophistication has eased the service industry's wage gap in China.;The increase in the sophistication of capital-intensive exports has exacerbated the wage gap in the service industry in China,showing that labor-intensive industries are the technological advances of low-skilled labor,while capital-intensive industries are the technological advances of high-skilled labor.Although the impact of changes in the knowledge-intensive export sophistication on the wage gap in the service industry fluctuates,overall,knowledge-intensive industries have basically demonstrated the technological advancement of the highly skilled labor force.(3) Foreign direct investment(FDI),added value(PZJZ),and open degree of service trade(OPEN)have a positive impact on service industry wage gap,and they are all significant(4)In addition,capital intensity(KL)does not consider the intersection of EXPY and FDI.The items shows a negative effect,while the cross items are still showing a positive effect,while the above positive and negative effects are not very significant.Finally,based on the results of empirical analysis,this paper puts forward corresponding policy suggestions from the aspects of human capital accumulation,government support innovation and service trade liberalization. |
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