The Research On The Limiting Factors Of Women’s Participation In Sports In Urban Communities In China

In recent years,although women’s sports research field has achieved some results,women’s discrimination in participation in sports activities,sports management,and sports employment still exists.Whether it is the western developed countries or China,women’s sports participation status is not optimistic,women’s participation in sports activities is low.Because of their own limitations and their social roles,women restrict their participation in sports to some extent.At present,Chinese scholars mostly study the limiting factors of women’s participation in sports based on individual needs,so as to propose solutions,and urban communities are important areas for women’s daily life.Whether the community’s sports service supply will affect women’s participation in sports remains to be solved.As we further explore.Therefore,this study takes the limiting factors of women’s participation in urban communities in China as the research object,and thoroughly understands their behavioral characteristics and limiting factors in community sports participation in order to provide better solutions for the promotion of women’s sports participation in China.In this paper,Beijing,Shanghai,Guangzhou,Chengdu,Wuhan,Zhengzhou,Xi’an,and Harbin have been selected as survey areas by using literature,survey,and mathematical statistics methods to investigate the characteristics of women in urban communities and the participation of community sports.The investigation of the characteristics of limiting factors of sports participation,the limiting factors of urban community sports supply,and the success stories of developed countries in solving the limiting factors of women’s participation in urban communities were investigated.Concluded as follow:1.The characteristics of the urban community sports participation constraint women including the individual level(including age,culture level,occupation,income,examination)and community level(community properties)six characteristics,involving their own physical conditions,restricted experience,the structure of the interpersonal constraints,limit the four dimensions.Among them,ranging in age from 31 to 40 years old,junior high school and the following cultural degree,private business owners,twenty thousand yuan income,divorce or live alone women,on the outskirts of town residents is to limit the most obvious characteristics of women’s sports participation in urban community.Among the self-limiting factors,the three most obvious factors influencing urban community women are lack of skills,lack of interest and lack of confidence.The three factors that have the most obvious influence on women’s participation in urban community sports are no guidance,no guidance from female coaches and injuries.The interpersonal constraint is the partner;Among the structural constraints,the five factors that have the most obvious influence on the participation of women in urban community sports are work,housework,venue,women’s exercise facilities and women’s sports activities.Structural restriction is the primary factor that affects the participation of women in urban community sports in China.2.Our country city community women for the community to provide sports facilities supply,supply of fitness guidance,supply of sports information,sports organizations supply not satisfied with the overall situation,especially the community fitness guidance and sports organizations supply.In terms of the supply of sports facilities,the main factors restricting the participation of women in community sports are the insufficient provision of community sports venues and facilities,and the distance between them.In terms of the supply of fitness guidance,the main factors restricting the participation of women in community sports are the insufficient number of social sports instructors,the low professional ability and the single type of community physical fitness monitoring.In the aspect of sports information supply,the main factors restricting the participation of women in community sports are the lack of publicity channels of community sports information and the relatively traditional publicity channels.In the supply of sports activities,the main factors restricting the participation of community women in sports are insufficient funds,single sports activities and insufficient publicity.3.Developed countries in promoting women and girls to take an active part in sports activities and solve women’s sports participation,obstacles,involves organized a more comprehensive range,puts forward the solving measures are more targeted and practical.Among them,the case study of the UK to promote women’s and girls’ participation in sports to solve obstacles mainly focuses on emotional and practical barriers.Case studies in the United States to promote women’s and girls’ participation in sports to address barriers have focused on lack of confidence,skills and activities;Case studies in Canada to promote women’s and girls’ physical participation in addressing barriers have focused on internal barriers,external barriers and barriers to influence;Case studies in Australia to promote women’s and girls’ physical participation in addressing barriers have focused on practical obstacles.These developed countries in order to promote women’s sports involved in the case study has made great success,women’s sports participation rate rise obviously,for our country to solve women’s sports participation of the time and opportunity,facilities,activities,information and other constraints provide a good reference.Based on the investigation and research,the following countermeasures and suggestions are proposed for the development of women’s sports in urban communities in China.1.Government departments: in terms of the supply of sports facilities,the government departments should increase the investment in the supply of community sports.In the provision of fitness guidance,more female social sports instructors and female fitness volunteers should be trained,and more free fitness courses and fitness programs should be provided for women.In the supply of sports information,it is necessary to establish a sports information network and conduct publicity through online and offline channels.On sports supplies,want to and the related sports organizations,schools and enterprises institutions to develop suitable for different physical condition,different time,different age,different ability level of physical activity programs.At the same time,relevant policy documents and programmes for the promotion of women’s participation in sport,as well as operational concrete implementation action plans,have been developed.2.Community sector: in terms of the supply of sports facilities,the community sector shall reasonably plan the location of the facilities and formulate a flexible schedule for the use of the facilities,and carry out regular maintenance and renovation;Supply the fitness guidance,the introduction of professional social sports instructors,fitness knowledge lectures and activities project instruction,train the sports participation of women and girls and skills training,on a regular basis for health monitoring of the community of women,according to different women at the same time the physical condition of targeted training plan;On the supply of sports information,the establishment of community sports information service network,using online and offline way propaganda,in the community shops such as supermarkets,kindergarten,fitness plaza crowded place to establish sports information publicity column,regularly publish and update the female fitness knowledge and activity information,including time and place,clothing,replacement facilities,child care,etc.;On the supply of sports activities,to strengthen cooperation with other organizations,develop sports activities suitable to women’s non-traditional project,various kinds of sports activities,and family sports activities,to meet different ages,different examination situation and fitness ability level of women’s sports demand.