Research On The Development Of Higher Education In Modern Tianjin (1880-1949)

Higher education is an important part of the whole education career.Tianjin modern higher education arose in the Westernization Movement period,and then developed continuously along with a series of social transformation that happened during the late Qing and the republic of China,which showed obvious stage characters and distinctive regional characteristics.The research of the development of modern higher education in Tianjin can provide some inspiration and reference for current higher education.The main research methods in this study are literature method and historical method.Through collection,induction,sorting and analyzing of the historical documents,the study choose a variety of higher education institutions as the carrier,comb the development of modern higher education in Tianjin as a whole and the specific situation of those institutions,outline the characteristics in different periods,summarize the experience and lessons,so as to provide some reference for the development of higher education today.This paper is mainly divided into the following several parts:The introduction includes the issues raised,the core definition,literature review,research purpose and significance as well as research ideas and methods.The first to sixth chapters is the main content of the article.The first chapter analyzes the historical background how the higher education rises in modern Tianjin from external and internal cause.According to the history of Tianjin,and the law of higher education itself,divided the process development of higher education in modern Tianjin into five phases in the second to fifth chapter:the embryonic stage(1880-1895),laying period(1895-1911),the transition period(1912-1927),the prosperous period(1928-1937),and the reconstruction period(1937-1949).Institutions of normal education,school situation and running features in every time were introduced respectively.The conclusion summarizes experience and inadequate of Tianjin normal education in late Qing and the Republic,in order to provide reference for the development of current higher education.