Rural Public Service Facilities,rural-household Differentiation And Rural Residential Land Exiting

With China's economic development entering a new normal,the deepening of industrialization and new urbanization and the steady implementation of the rural revitalization strategy,great changes have taken place in rural economy.A large number of rural labors go out to work,the resident population in rural areas is continuously decreasing.However,the construction land in rural areas is increasing instead of decreasing,the problems of multiple residential lands belong to the same household,over-standard area,idleness and waste are prominent.The efficiency of land use needs to be improved urgently.Therefore,the implementation of the rural residential land exit is the inevitable choice for the implementation of the rural land reform.As the main body of the rural residential land exit,farmers are motivated to improve the existing quality of life.Rural public service facilities,as the constituent elements of public service resources at the grass-roots level,are closely related to farmers' production and life.The lag of rural public service facilities will increase farmers' expectations of improving production and living conditions,which in turn affects the decision about rural residential land exit.In addition,the differentiation of farmers has become a common phenomenon in the process of rural economic development in our country.Different types of farmers have different perceptions of rural residential land exit.Therefore,in the context of rural-household differentiation,it is of great significance to study the impact of rural public service facilities on rural residential land exit.It may help to solve the problem of unbalanced development between urban and rural areas in China,improve the efficiency of land use and the production and living conditions of farmers.On the basis of extensive reference to existing relevant research results,this paper,combining the hypothesis of limited economic man,the theory of farmers' cognitive behavior and the theory of function of rural residential land,uses the relevant data of rural residential land exit from Jinzhai County,Anhui Province,which is the only national poverty-stricken county in the pilot area of rural residential land reform.Firstly,this paper expounds the current situation of rural residential land exit from Jinzhai County,Anhui Province.Secondly,the index system of rural public service facilities is constructed,and the index weight is determined by entropy weight method and Delphi method.So,the index of rural public service facilities in the investigation area is calculated,and its characteristics are analyzed.Thirdly,the binary Logit model is used to empirically test the impact of rural public service facilities,rural household differentiation on rural residential land exit,and the moderating effect of rural household differentiation on the impact of rural public service facilities on rural residential land exit.The Probit model is used to analyze the influencing factors of the deviation between the exiting willingness and behavior of rural residential land,and ISM model is used to explore the logical relationship between the key influencing factors.At last,some suggestions are put forward,such as implementing different policies of rural residential land exit according to different types of farmers,constructing centralized resettlement areas in rural areas and strengthening the construction of public service facilities.All of these are intended to promote the reform of rural residential land system in areas with a low level of economic development and to solve the housing security problem of rural residents.The results show that:(1)the lag in the construction of rural public service facilities significantly promotes rural residential land exiting behavior,and road traffic facilities,medical facilities,production and living facilities have significant effects on residential land exiting behavior.(2)Rural-household differentiation has a significant negative impact on rural residential land exiting behavior,and farmers with low differentiation degree are more likely to exit residential land.(3)Rural-household differentiation plays a regulatory role for rural public facilities to influence the residential land exiting behavior.The lower the degree of differentiation of rural-household,the stronger the negative impact of rural public service facilities on the residential land exiting behavior.(4)Farmers' willingness and behavior of rural residential land exit are in contradiction.The area of rural residential land,rural public facilities and bandwagon effect have significant positive effects on the deviation.Health status,knowledge of the policy,satisfaction with the policy and trust in the system have significant negative effects on the deviation.Among them,rural public service facilities and the health status of farmers are the root factors.Knowledge of the policy,trust in the system,bandwagon effect and the area of rural residential land are the indirect factors,satisfaction with the policy is the direct factor for farmers' willingness and behavior of rural residential land exit.(5)Some suggestions are put forward,such as implementing different policies of rural residential land exit according to different types of farmers,constructing rural centralized resettlement areas to strengthen the construction of public facilities,improving the compensation system of rural residential land exit,increasing publicity of relevant policies,and strictly standardizing the implementation of relevant policies.