Factors And Combination Of Policy Transplantation Study

Nowadays,social governance rooted in globalization and post-industrial situations presents a high degree of uncertainty.The interdependence of cross-domain and cross-level governance entities is gradually increasing.The limited administrative resources prompt policymakeers to prefer ‘follow-up' policy innovation path to reduce risks.Policy transplantation has become an important strategic choice for various governance entities to promote government innovation,improve administrative efficiency and enhance public interest.On the one hand,the internal factors of policy transplantation are its demonstration,low risk and low cost which make up for policy supply limitations.The external factors of policy transplantation are formed by unbalanced supply of contemporary Chinese policy,different capacity of local policy supply,huge policy needs and healthy development of regional cooperation and competition.The gradual reform path and the ‘follow-up' reform logic run through the central policy from the release to the implementation during the evolution of Local Government Governance in China.Regional and local innovations led by local governments have become self-organized ‘policy reproduction' manifestations.However,policy migration as a means of policy supply does not only mean a copy of the original policy.There are already a large number of mixed heuristic policy innovation precedents according to the local government policies in China.This kind of ‘policy re-emergence' does not mean discarding the original central policy.It is a limited change made by the policy-importing party according to its own local context based on the learning transfer policy.The innovation policy still retains the similarities that are identifiable with the transfer policy.The article examines the implementation of the Shanghai River-Chief policy with the trigger mechanism of policy innovation based on the the theory of policy transplantation research.The River-Chief policy production is not the end of water governance innovation as a major exploration of complex water problems.In fact,the leadership of the party and government as the river chief is a directional water pollution governance strategy.How to realize the policy performance of the River-Chief Mechanism requires a series of supporting measures and resources to support.There is huge operational space for policy reform from the central to the local.Dolowitz David P.and David Marsh divide the degree of policy transfer according to the process of policy implementation into Copy,Imitate,Mix and Inspire.There are some administrative districts simply copied the original policy of imitating the central government policy.While some other administrative districts have opened up a new revolution of long-term river improvement according to the investigation and study on the implementation of the Shanghai River-Chief Mechanism in the past one year.The study is examining the differences of ‘Reproduction' and ‘Innovation' from the Four Dimensions of ‘Administrative Stress,Policy Demand,Resource,and Social Participation' based on the implementation of the River-Chief policy of 12 administrative districts in Shanghai.The author tried to apply the cs QCA to construct a combination of possible factors for policy transplantation,which to sum up the pollution governance mode of ‘innovative features' in different administrative regions of Shanghai and promote to the whole country.According to the research,the combination of the factors affecting the policy of the River-Chief policy in Shanghai can be divided into three categories,called resource-oriented transplantation mode,political-social-integrated transplantation mode and composite-driven transplantation mode.The generation logic of the three types of combination patterns is derived from the natural response of each region to the existing resources.So it should be evaluated as a neutral attitude with the value orientation.The transition path from the inherent policy to the composite-driven transplantation mode is not a one-step process.How to take the limitations of the ‘River-Chief policy' environment and outline the possible portability has become a realistic issue that this study attempts to clarify.