Research On The Organizations Of The First Atomic Bomb Development In The Soviet Union(1942-1949)

Forthputting of nuclear energy was one of the great discoveries of the 20 th.It requires talents,scientific research,organizational systems as support and the creation of the entire nuclear industry system as a guarantee.Before the Second World War,the Soviet Union’s nuclear energy research lagged behind Britain,Germany,France and the United States,nuclear energy research equipment also lagged far behind those countries.The main purpose of nuclear energy research was military use.Information of the Soviet intelligence agencies indicated that the European and American countries started the development of the atomic bomb,Germany mayt be first successful.Although it was not clear when the war willed end and the victory was far away,the development of the atomic bomb in the Soviet Union was also imminent,which has attracted the supreme leader of the country L.P.Beria,S.V.Kaftanov,M.G.Pervukhin,V.M.Molotov and even E.V.Stalin’s attention.The nuclear program of the Soviet Union,centered on the development of the atomic bomb,was launched in the flames of World War II.The international situation changed drastically after the Second World War,the United States and the Soviet Union changed from ally relations to hostile relations.Breaking the US nuclear monopoly and developing the atomic bomb became the Soviet Union’s No.1 program,all work must obey this goal.The Soviet nuclear program full started on post-war ruins.This article from the following three aspects presents the establishment process and specific activities of the organization systemthe of Soviet atomic bomb development from 1942 to 1949,and further explores the historical facts of how the Soviet Union successfully organized atomic bomb development in the postwar unfavorable situations at home and abroad.The first part mainly introduces the significance of this topic,the current status of domestic and foreign research,research methods,writing ideas,innovations and deficiencies of this article.The second part is the main content.The second,third,fourth,fifth and sixth chapters are the focus of this article.The second chapter mainly introduces the establishment and organization of the State Defense Committee.The third chapter mainly introduces the establishment,status,activities and characteristics of the special committ.The fourth chapter introduces the activities of the technical committee,mainly focusing on scientific research work guidance.The fifth chapter mainly introduces the work and composition of the Engineering Technical Committee.The sixth chapter discusses the activities of the First General Administration,which was the main implementing agency of the special committee and the establishment of the Soviet nuclear industry system.The third part is the conclusion,which summarizes the background characteristics of the Soviet atomic bomb development and the work,characteristics of the organization system.