The Chinese Volunteers Development Dilemma And Countermeasures Research At Maritime Life-living

With the implementation of China's " Maritime Power" strategy,China's coastal marine activities are becoming more frequent,and the frequency of marine accidents is rising,and then citizens' rights are greatly threatened.Although the national maritime search and rescue system which based on the government's professional rescue force,is the mainstay of the rescue operation at sea.It cannot guarantee the safety of human life in the maritime emergency.The importance of the volunteer team in life-saving assistance has aroused widespread concern among the public.The cause of the volunteer team and the future of development have also been widely discussed by scholars.This paper intends to analyze and explore ways to solve the specific problems encountered in the development of volunteers at sea.Referring to the advanced practices of developed countries in Europe and the United States,we can find out the way with Chinese characteristics that can develop steadily.This paper is divided into the following sections:First section,the author demonstrates the necessity and inevitability of the participation of the marine life-saving organization in the ocean management,through the "market failure theory","government failure theory","civil society theory","governance theory" discussion,as well as the definition of volunteers,volunteer organizations,volunteer spirit.In the second section,the authored scribes the current situation of thedevelopment of China's marine volunteers through three aspects: the development status of volunteer organizations,the legal system of life-saving assistance at sea,and the incentive mechanism for maritime rescue.The third section analyzes the problems encountered by the development of civil volunteer organizations in China from the guidance level of the government to the volunteer team,the development level of the volunteer organization,and the construction of the legal system in China.The fourth section proposes referenced and worth learning experiences and methods which are compared and analyzed the differences between China's maritime search and rescue system in developed countries such as Europe and America.The fifth section puts forward suggestions for the construction of the life-saving volunteer team at sea in China.First,improve laws to lower the threshold for the legalization of volunteer maritime rescue teams.Second,the policy encourages the government gives some of the “public goods” to volunteer organization.Third,strengthen the management of volunteer teams and improve institutional setup,and then strengthen training assessment.Fourth,strengthen the volunteer incentive mechanism to achieve the diversification of material and spiritual rewards.Fifth,establish social supervision order and create a highly recognized social organization through self-discipline and social supervision,as well as the introduction of third-party supervision.The conclusion part elaborates the author's viewpoint.China's marine life-saving volunteer organization is a major part of the national maritime rescue system and an important supplement of the national professional rescue force.Under the situation of frequent maritime emergencies,it will help the government improve management social efficiency and social satisfaction to promote the benign development of the volunteer team at sea and improve the participation of citizens in the management society.It is a long way of the development of life-saving volunteer organizations at sea.