Research On The Theory Of Multitude In The Context Of Immaterial Labor

Marxism is the theory of the proletariat revolution,the proletariat is the key to the main body of the revolution.However,after the end of the Second World War,with the rise of the third scientific and technological revolution and the struggle of the proletariat for its own rights,part of the proletariat was gentrified in the developed capitalist society in Europe and America.The improvement of the economic condition of the proletariat has transformed it in many ways.Under this background,Western Marxism begins a journey of "discovering" new revolutionary subjects.Among them,the Multitude theory puts forward that "multitude" will replace the traditional proletariat to become the new production subject,and be born in the contemporary capitalist society with immaterial labor,and gradually become the main force to resist the expansion of capital.The theory of Multitude has been widely discussed by Marxists at home and abroad.Some scholars think that the theory of crowds ca n provide a new clue for the further study of Marxist political economy and the new changes of capitalist exploitation.Some scholars criticized it for not getting rid of the western-centered civilization model.First of all,it is necessary to sort out the concept of immaterial labor and the concept of multitude.Immaterial labor not only produces commodities,but also produces a kind of capital relations,and theoretically represents the development trend of production in contemporary capitalist society a nd the changes in social relations brought about by it.This change is the production of the "new" revolutionary subject--"multitude ".Therefore,Hardt and Negri’s theory of Multitude is based on immaterial labor.In the view of the theory of the Multitude," multitude " is different from the traditional proletariat and the people,and it has such characteristics as inclusiveness,diversity and universality,which urge the revolutionary subject to construct the resistance force in the constant struggle a gainst capital,making democracy possible in the capitalist society.Although the Multitude theory of Hardt and Negri provides new ideas for the innovation and development of Marxist theory,it even has some reference value for enhancing the vitality and vitality of Marxist theory.However,from the perspective of classical Marxism,it is not difficult to find the inherent defects of the theory of the Multitude: it is rooted in the surface explanation of contemporary capitalism,but has not gone deep into t he basic contradictions of capitalist mode of production.Therefore,the construction of the "new" revolutionary subject by the Multitude theory does not get rid of the identity politics constructed by the bourgeoisie to dissolve the Marxist revolutionary theory.Due to the overemphasis on the logic of the subject and the lack of realism,the so-called revolution of the multitude is doomed to be only an ethical project.No matter how capitalist society develops or changes,the sustainability of the fundamental contradictions of capitalism means that the subject of revolution can only be the proletariat based on the working class.